{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T08:21:33Z","timestamp":1787732493330,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102026\u201025476870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102026\u201025476870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HLA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study is to characterise the immunological features of preformed HLA\u2010DQ DSAs and investigate their impact on post\u2010transplant outcomes. Among 1540 ABO\u2010compatible KT recipients with available high\u2010resolution HLA typing at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (January 2010\u2013December 2024), 179 had preformed DSAs. Patients were classified into DQ group (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200958), comprising those with DQ DSAs alone or in combination with other DSAs, and non\u2010DQ (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009121) group. We compared baseline DSA characteristics, desensitisation (DSZ) responses and post\u2010transplant outcomes. The DQ group had a significantly higher proportion of re\u2010transplant recipients. At baseline, DQ DSAs exhibited markedly higher MFI values compared to non\u2010DQ DSAs. Following DSZ, 45.2% of DQ DSAs remained strong (MFI &gt;\u200910,000), compared to only 2.8% of non\u2010DQ DSAs. While the overall incidence of acute ABMR did not differ significantly between groups, a significant difference was observed in the temporal distribution and the characteristics of the associated DSAs. In early\u2010onset ABMR, cases in the DQ group developed after the complete resolution of preformed DSAs, whereas those in the non\u2010DQ group were associated with preformed DSAs. Late\u2010onset ABMR occurred more frequently in the DQ group (41.7% vs. 10.0%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.024), and it developed with preformed DQ DSAs. Furthermore, allograft function showed a more rapid deterioration in the DQ group. Preformed DQ DSAs carry a higher immunological risk and exhibit greater resistance to treatment than non\u2010DQ DSAs, and tend to cause late\u2010onset acute ABMR rather than immediate post\u2010transplant rejection. Therefore, more stringent immunological monitoring and immunosuppressive therapy are required.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.70868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:40:51Z","timestamp":1785390051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preformed\n                    <scp>HLA<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>DQ<\/scp>\n                    Donor\u2010Specific Antibodies: Distinct Immunological Characteristics and Clinical Implications in Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7326-0602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanbi","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1018-7539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeeyoung","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1321-6683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bioh","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2818-2673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeran","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Suwon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5533-0459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hun","family":"Eum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8983-1457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sua","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6295-8095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Won","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Bucheon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2884-4948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae Hyun","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6347-7282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Eun","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5870-915X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun\u2010Jee","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0048-5717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung Ha","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Transplant Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul Republic of 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