{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T14:05:46Z","timestamp":1788617146979,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transbounding Emerging Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tick\u2010borne pathogens (TBPs) constitute an emerging public health concern favoured by multidimensional global changes. Amongst these, increase and spread of wild boar (<jats:italic>Sus scrofa<\/jats:italic>) populations are of special concern since this species can act as a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens and promote tick abundance. Thus, we aimed to make a first assessment of the risk by TBPs resulting from wild boar and ticks in the vicinity of a highly populated area. Between 2014 and 2016, we collected spleen samples and 2256 ticks from 261 wild boars (out of 438 inspected) in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (MAB; northeast Spain). We morphologically identified four tick species: <jats:italic>Hyalomma lusitanicum<\/jats:italic> (infestation prevalence: 33.6%), <jats:italic>Dermacentor marginatus<\/jats:italic> (26.9%), <jats:italic>Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/jats:italic> sensu lato (18.9%) and <jats:italic>R. bursa<\/jats:italic> (0.2%). Ticks were pooled according to species and individual host. A total of 180 tick pools and 167 spleen samples were screened by real\u2010time PCR and\/or reverse line blot hybridization assay for <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> sp., <jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic> sp., <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> sp., <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> sp., <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> sensu lato and <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>. Seventy\u2010two out of the 180 tick pools were positive to <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> spp. (minimum prevalence of 8.7%), including <jats:italic>Rickettsia massiliae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>R. slovaca<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>R. raoultii<\/jats:italic>. We did not detect <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> spp. in wild boar spleens nor other TBPs in ticks or wild boars. Since the ticks identified can bite humans, and the recorded spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae are zoonotic pathogens, there is a risk of SFG rickettsiae transmission for MAB inhabitants. Our results suggest a broader distribution of <jats:italic>H. lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>, competent vector for the Crimean\u2010Congo haemorrhagic fever virus than previously known. Wild boar is not a <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> spp. reservoir according to the spleen negative results. However, its abundance could favour tick life cycle and abundance, and its proximity to humans could promote the infection risk by <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T19:05:08Z","timestamp":1627758308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Ticks on wild boar in the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain) are infected with spotted fever group rickettsiae"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5770-7264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel","family":"Castillo\u2010Contreras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Magen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Birtles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Salford Tick Infections Group, School of Environment and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc\u00eda","family":"Varela\u2010Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Salford Tick Infections Group, School of Environment and Life Sciences University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6830-6880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carles","family":"Conejero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier Fernandez","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0983-2412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreu","family":"Colom\u2010Cadena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Lav\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9542-7514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregorio","family":"Mentaberre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia Animal Escola T\u00e8cnica Superior d'Enginyeria Agraria Universitat de Lleida  Lleida Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2999-3451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge R.","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Olvera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Ecology &amp; Health group and Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Urban statistics. 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