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In this study, a retrospective analysis with frozen samples was carried out to identify the genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> in bats and their ectoparasites and to investigate the relationships of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> carried by bats and their ectoparasites. Bats and their ectoparasites (bat flies and bat mites) were collected from caves in Hubei Province, Central China, from May 2018 to July 2020. <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> were screened by PCR amplification and sequencing of three genes (<jats:italic>gltA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>ftsZ<\/jats:italic>). Bats, bat flies, and bat mites carried diverse novel <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> genotypes with a high prevalence. The sharing of some <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> genotypes between bats and bat flies or bat mites indicated a potential role of bat flies and bat mites as vectors of bartonellae, while the higher genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> in bat flies than that in bats might be due to the vertical transmission of this bacterium in bat flies. Therefore, bat flies might also act as reservoirs of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>. In addition, human\u2010pathogenic <jats:italic>B. mayotimonesis<\/jats:italic> was identified in both bats and their ectoparasites, which expanded our knowledge on the geographic distribution of this bacterium and suggested a potential bat origin with bat flies and bat mites playing important roles in the maintenance and transmission of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T18:30:58Z","timestamp":1635186658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Bats and their ectoparasites (Nycteribiidae and Spinturnicidae) carry diverse novel <i>Bartonella<\/i> genotypes, China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Hui\u2010Ju","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology School of Public Health Wuhan University  Wuhan 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