{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T09:50:46Z","timestamp":1756461046460,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008370","name":"National Pork Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#18\u2010167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#18\u2010167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transbounding Emerging Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been one of the major health\u2010related concerns in the swine production industry. Through its rapid transmission and mutation, the simultaneous circulation of multiple PRRSV strains can be a challenge in PRRSV diagnostic, control and surveillance. The objective of this longitudinal study was to describe the temporal detection of PRRSV in swine farms with different production types and PRRS management strategies. Tonsil scraping (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0344) samples were collected from three breeding and two growing herds for approximately one year. In addition, processing fluids (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0216) were obtained from piglet processing batches within the three breeding farms while pen\u2010based oral fluids (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0125) were collected in the two growing pig farms. Viral RNA extraction and reverse\u2010transcription quantitative PCR (RT\u2010qPCR) were conducted for all samples. The sample positivity threshold was set at quantification cycle (Cq) of \u2264 37. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear modelling and post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni adjustments using R statistical software. The results suggested a higher probability of detection in processing fluids compared to tonsil scraping specimens [odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a03.86; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.096] in breeding farms whereas oral fluids were outperformed by tonsil scrapings (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.26; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) in growing pig farms. The results described herein may lead to an improvement in PRRSV diagnostic and surveillance by selecting proper specimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,7]],"date-time":"2021-11-07T10:49:53Z","timestamp":1636282193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A longitudinal study on PRRSV detection in swine herds with different demographics and PRRSV management strategies"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Magnus R.","family":"Campler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine the Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3732-9147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting\u2010Yu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine the Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5991-2838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Declan C.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota  Saint Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota  Saint Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil K.","family":"Mor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota  Saint Paul Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana B.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health &amp; Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9ia. G.","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine the Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010017\u201004628\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022\u20101317\u201080\u20102\u2010307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbsr.2019.100315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2011.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Decorte I. Breedam W. V. Stede Y. V. D. Nauwynck H. J. Regge N. D. &Cay A. B.(2014).Detection of total and PRRSV\u2010specific antibodies in oral fluids collected with different rope types from PRRSV\u2010vaccinated and experimentally infected pigs.10(1) 1\u201311.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1746\u20106148\u201010\u2010134","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-134"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus throughout a coordinated sequence of events during warm weather","volume":"67","author":"Dee S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"232","article-title":"Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus throughout a coordinated sequence of events during cold weather","volume":"66","author":"Dee S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"Identification of genetically diverse sequences (ORF 5) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a swine herd","volume":"65","author":"Dee S. A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871102300207"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2003.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589503200606"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2020.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.385"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/669","article-title":"Terminology for Classifying Swine Herds by PRRS Status","volume":"19","author":"Holtkamp D. J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Swine Health and Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378\u20101135(02)00013\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.105233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"Kosmidis I.(2020).brglm: Bias reduction in binary\u2010response generalized linear models (Version 0.7.1): R package. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/cran.r\u2010project.org\/package=brglm"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/asaa052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705\u2010015\u20102672\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168\u20101702(03)00168\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","unstructured":"Lenth R. V.(2021).emmeans: Estimated marginal means aka least\u2010squares means. (Version 1.5.5\u20101): R package. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=emmeans"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.10.075"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/1055","article-title":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome monitoring in breeding herds using processing fluids","volume":"26","author":"Lopez W. A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Swine Health and Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2020.105021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2021.109190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2010.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.18478\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","unstructured":"McBride W. D. &Key N.(2013).US hog production from 1992 to 2009: Technology restructuring and productivity growth. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=2981705"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2020.105624"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45165-6_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.12.1304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870802000203"},{"volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2021","author":"R Core Team","key":"e_1_2_10_41_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.1991.9694297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.76.1.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813\u2010019\u20100125\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638720912406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.588387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719852999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.09.006"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.54846\/jshap\/1215","article-title":"Tonsil scrapings for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus detection in growing pigs under field conditions","volume":"29","author":"Walker H. L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Swine Health and Production"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378\u20101135(96)01337\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2021.1886936"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638716673404"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119350927.ch41"}],"container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tbed.14386","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tbed.14386","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tbed.14386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T17:09:20Z","timestamp":1747674560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tbed.14386"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tbed.14386"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tbed.14386","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1674"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1865-1674"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}