{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T16:25:07Z","timestamp":1769012707906,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Clinical Teacher"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Resident\u2010focused concussion curricula that measure learner behaviours are currently unavailable. We sought to fill this gap by developing and iteratively implementing a Spiral Integrated Concussion Curriculum (SICC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Programme elements of the concussion curriculum include academic half\u2010days (AHDs) and three half\u2010day clinics for first\u2010 and second\u2010year family medicine residents. Our SICC utilises social cognitive learning principles, the constructivism paradigm and utilisation\u2010focused evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evaluation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A mixed\u2010method evaluation with a pre\u2010\/post\u2010test design and interviews was utilised. Surveys and knowledge tests were used to measure knowledge and confidence pre\u2010AHD and 6\u2009months post\u2010AHD. Interviews at 6\u2009months explored programme perception and behaviour change. Of the 141 programme attendees, 114 (80%) participated in the pre\u2010intervention knowledge test and 33 completed the pre\u2010 and post\u2010AHD test. Immediate pre\u2010\/post\u2010testing demonstrated statistically significant improvement in knowledge (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.042). At 6\u2009months post\u2010AHD, residents in Cycle 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095) had a knowledge decrease of 3.33% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Residents in Cycle 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097) had a knowledge increase of 11.6% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Both cycles of residents had an increase in confidence (Cycle 1: 65.0% [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025]; Cycle 2: 62.8% [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0014]). Residents (5 out of 6) reported positive behavioural changes at 6\u2009months. Valued programme elements included concussion diagnosis and management, the self\u2010study guide resource and the organised structure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SICC enriched these residents' learning and fostered sustained knowledge improvement and behavioural change at 6\u2009months post\u2010intervention. This approach may provide a workable design for future competency\u2010based curriculum development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.13707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T19:55:35Z","timestamp":1701374135000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Residency spiral concussion curriculum design"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6320-1764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice Sau Han","family":"Kam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Toronto Western Hospital University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"North York General Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9560-8259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temerty School of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching\u2010Lung","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temerty School of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aisha","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Nyhof\u2010Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Academics Program and Family Practice Health Centre Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alyson","family":"Summers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychopedagogy and Andragogy, Faculty of Education Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denyse","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Queen's University  Kingston Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Providence Care Hospital  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/cnc-2018-0007"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"460","article-title":"Concussion diagnosis and management: knowledge and attitudes of family medicine residents","volume":"63","author":"Mann A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Fam 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