{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:58:26Z","timestamp":1790830706632,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Clinical Teacher"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n The transition from pre\u2010clinical to clinical medicine is challenging, particularly in applying anatomical knowledge to patient care. Reductions in dedicated anatomy teaching time have compounded this. Near\u2010peer teaching may help address this gap by reducing hierarchy and enhancing psychological safety, though few programmes have explicitly targeted the pre\u2010clinical to clinical transition through the integration of anatomy with clinical cases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Approach<\/jats:title>\n \n A prospective educational evaluation examined a near\u2010peer, case\u2010based orthopaedic anatomy programme delivered to Year 4 medical students by Year 5 facilitators across four sessions. Knowledge acquisition was assessed using parallel pre\u2010 and post\u2010session multiple\u2010choice question (MCQ) sets compared using Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test and Cohen's\n d<\/jats:italic>\n \n z<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n . Student experience was evaluated using purpose\u2010designed questionnaires.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evaluation<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty\u2010two matched pairs were available for analysis. Baseline anatomical confidence (mean 2.76\/5) and ratings of placement\u2010based anatomy teaching (mean 2.26\/5) indicated clear unmet need. MCQ scores improved significantly from 5.0 to 7.0 out of 8 (mean 5.00 vs. 6.69,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001, Cohen's\n d<\/jats:italic>\n \n z<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20091.12). Post\u2010session confidence improved to 4.03\/5, facilitators were rated highly (mean 4.59\/5), and 97% of students felt comfortable engaging with peer facilitators.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Implications<\/jats:title>\n This programme provides preliminary support for near\u2010peer, case\u2010based anatomy teaching as a promising approach to supporting the pre\u2010clinical to clinical transition, demonstrating short\u2010term improvements in MCQ performance, confidence and student satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.70539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:32:50Z","timestamp":1790829170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Near\u2010Peer Anatomy\u2010Anchored Teaching"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0827-1787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O.","family":"Rackham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6040-0247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. M.","family":"Maitland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ahluwalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Department The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5044-705X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. E.","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Usher Institute The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02186-2","article-title":"Perceptions and Processes Influencing the Transition of Medical Students From Pre\u2010Clinical to Clinical Training","volume":"20","author":"Malau\u2010Aduli B. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1308\/003588407X168244","article-title":"Anatomy in a Modern Medical Curriculum","volume":"89","author":"Turney B.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2126","article-title":"Anatomy Education for Medical Students in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland in 2019: A Twenty Year Follow Up","volume":"15","author":"Smith C. F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anatomical Sciences Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590802061613","article-title":"AMEE Guide No. 34: Teaching in the Clinical Environment","volume":"30","author":"Ramani S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medical Teacher"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.15476","article-title":"Fostering the Clinician as Teacher: A Realist Review","volume":"59","author":"Brouwer H. J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2023.2216863","article-title":"Psychological Safety in Medical Education: A Scoping Review and Synthesis of the Literature","volume":"45","author":"McClintock A. H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medical Teacher"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12969","article-title":"Observational Analysis of Near\u2010Peer and Faculty Tutoring in Problem\u2010Based Learning Groups","volume":"50","author":"Cianciolo A. T.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S46","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000004913","article-title":"Clinician Teacher as Leader: Creating Psychological Safety in the Clinical Learning Environment for Medical Students","volume":"97","author":"McClintock A. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Academic Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.12001","article-title":"Near\u2010Peer Teaching in Clinical Neuroanatomy","volume":"10","author":"Hall S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinical Teacher"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"M. J.Nathan K.Koedinge andM.Alibali \u201cExpert Blind Spot: When Content Knowledge Eclipses Pedagogical Content Knowledge \u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Science London United Kingdom (2001)."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.70025","article-title":"Power Distance Within Online and Face\u2010To\u2010Face Medical Education in Sri Lanka and the UK","volume":"60","author":"Ellawala A.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-06585-7","article-title":"Medical Student Experiences of Case\u2010Based Learning (CBL) at a Multicultural Medical School","volume":"25","author":"Bruen C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590701606799","article-title":"Peer Teaching in Medical Education: Twelve Reasons to Move From Theory to Practice","volume":"29","author":"Cate O.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Medical Teacher"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.92.2.373","article-title":"Retesting in Selection: A Meta\u2010Analysis of Coaching and Practice Effects for Tests of Cognitive Ability","volume":"92","author":"Hausknecht J. P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00138870","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Peer Tutoring in Further and Higher Education: A Typology and Review of the Literature","volume":"32","author":"Topping K. J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Higher Education"}],"container-title":["The Clinical Teacher"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tct.70539","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tct.70539","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tct.70539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:32:56Z","timestamp":1790829176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tct.70539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tct.70539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tct.70539","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-4971","1743-498X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-4971","type":"print"},{"value":"1743-498X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70539"}}