{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:04:23Z","timestamp":1791464663711,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bloodstream infections (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSI<\/jats:styled-content>s) and central line infections remain among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in transplant recipients because of prolonged neutropenia and mucosal damage. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and outcome of bacterial and fungal isolates from patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted at the Aga Khan University and Hospital's bone marrow transplant unit. All patients who underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant with matched sibling\/parent donor were included. The study period ranged from April 2004 to December 2012. Transplantation was performed according to institutional protocols. All patients were admitted in single rooms with positive pressure and high\u2010efficiency particulate air filters. Ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, and valaciclovir were used for standard prophylaxis, which was started at the time of conditioning. All blood cultures were obtained at clinical suspicion of systemic infection, mainly documented as fever (temperature of &gt;38.5\u00b0C). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSI<\/jats:styled-content>s and line infections were defined as isolation of bacterial or fungal pathogen from at least one blood\/central line culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 101 of 108 patients developed febrile neutropenia. In the 101 patients, 245 documented febrile episodes occurred. There were 40 culture\u2010positive episodes and 205 culture\u2010negative episodes. Of these 40 culture\u2010positive episodes, 22 patients had bloodstream isolates and 18 had central line isolates. The median\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0standard deviation time of febrile neutropenia was day 7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00a0days (range: day \u22123 to day +13). The most common bloodstream isolate was <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09) followed by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>taphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05). One patient developed <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>usarium<\/jats:italic> infection. In central line infections, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0epidermidis<\/jats:italic> was the most common organism (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a08). In 2 patients with central venous catheters, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>andida albicans<\/jats:italic> was the isolate. Transplant\u2010related mortality from sepsis occurred in 9.2%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>coli<\/jats:italic> was mainly responsible for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSI<\/jats:styled-content>, while gram\u2010positive organisms dominated catheter\u2010related febrile episodes. Transplant\u2010related mortality due to sepsis was 9%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T11:39:28Z","timestamp":1388749168000},"page":"98-105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bloodstream and central line isolates from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: data from a developing country"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Department of Pathology and Microbiology the Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.N.","family":"Adil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Department of Pathology and Microbiology the Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.U.","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Department of Pathology and Microbiology the Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-05-1496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/320871"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199602150-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(03)00024-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(01)00274-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705530"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter\u2010related infections. 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