{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T22:54:02Z","timestamp":1767999242288,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,17]],"date-time":"2014-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The optimal duration of antiviral therapy for kidney transplant recipients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content>) with chronic hepatitis B virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection remains unclear. We reported the long\u2010term outcomes after withdrawal of antiviral agent in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content> with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively investigated the hepatitis B surface antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg)\u2010positive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content> with antiviral agents between January 2002 and January 2012. Antiviral treatments were withdrawn in patients who met all of the following 7 criteria: (i) no clinical and histologic evidence of cirrhosis, (ii) normal liver biochemistry, (iii) negative for both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> and hepatitis B envelope antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>eAg), (iv) no resistance to antiviral agent, (v) antiviral therapy &gt; 9 months, (vi) maintenance dosage of immunosuppressant for &gt; 3 months, and (vii) no history of acute rejection during recent 6 months. All patients were followed regularly at approximately 3\u20136 months for liver enzyme, viral markers, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> level after antiviral withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among a total of 445 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content>, 14 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg\u2010positive patients were included in this study. Antiviral agents were used, with lamivudine in 11 patients, and with adefovir, entecavir, and telbivudine in 3 patients, respectively. Discontinuation of antiviral agent was attempted in 6 (42.9%) of 14 patients who satisfied the criteria. The median duration of antiviral therapy before withdrawal was 14.3 months (range, 9\u201324\u00a0months). Four (66.7%) of 6 patients were successfully withdrawn and remained negative for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> for a median 60.5\u00a0months (range, 47\u201382\u00a0months). The baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content> level was not related to maintenance of remission after withdrawal. Two reactivated patients resumed antiviral treatment immediately, with subsequent normalization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV DNA<\/jats:styled-content>. During the follow\u2010up, 1 patient developed hepatocellular carcinoma; however, no patient death or graft failure was reported for all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg\u2010positive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antiviral therapy can be discontinued successfully and safely in selected <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KTR<\/jats:styled-content> with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection, after complete suppression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> and sufficient duration of antiviral therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,17]],"date-time":"2014-03-17T06:27:04Z","timestamp":1395037624000},"page":"295-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Successful withdrawal of antiviral treatment in kidney transplant recipients with chronic hepatitis B viral infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Korea"},{"name":"Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea Daegu 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