{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T06:22:50Z","timestamp":1783664570688,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,5]],"date-time":"2014-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>rototheca<\/jats:italic> species are achlorophyllus algae. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>rototheca wickerhamii<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>rototheca zopfii<\/jats:italic> cause human disease. In immunocompetent individuals, they cause soft tissue infections and olecranon bursitis, but in transplant recipients, these organisms can cause disseminated disease. We report a fatal case of disseminated <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0zopfii<\/jats:italic> infection in an hematopoietic stem cell transplant (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>) recipient with bloodstream infection and involvement of multiple soft tissue sites. We review all previous cases of protothecosis in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSCT<\/jats:styled-content> reported in the literature. Protothecosis is uncommon after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>, but has a disseminated presentation that is frequently fatal. It is commonly misidentified as a yeast. Tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha inhibitors and contamination of central venous catheters may contribute to development of protothecosis. Optimal treatment approaches are yet to be defined. New agents such as miltefosine may be possible future therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,5]],"date-time":"2014-05-05T23:48:39Z","timestamp":1399333719000},"page":"490-495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Protothecosis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: case report and review of previous cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Macesic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Haematology Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Unit SA Pathology Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Madigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Chean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Haematology Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infectious Diseases Service Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2012.677862"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; 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