{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:44:31Z","timestamp":1790066671142,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,9]],"date-time":"2015-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In organ transplantation, increasing evidence, both in experimental and human studies, indicates that Toll\u2010like receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>) activation is involved in the innate immune recognition of allograft. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5, the only protein recognition receptor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>s, is indicated potentially to be the immune regulation target. This study was designed to determine whether <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 could be a biomarker for <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> allograft visualization, after immunosuppressant rapamycin treatment, using radiolabeled sodium iodide (<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I)\u2010anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 monoclonal antibody (mAb).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BALB<\/jats:styled-content>\/c mice were transplanted with C57<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BL<\/jats:styled-content>\/6 skin, with\/without rapamycin treatment (the rapamycin\u2010treated group and the phosphate buffered saline [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBS<\/jats:styled-content>]\u2010rejection group, respectively). <jats:italic>In\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> dynamic whole\u2010body phosphor\u2010autoradiography and <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> biodistribution studies were conducted after <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 mAb injection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dynamic phosphor\u2010autoradiography imaging showed clear graft localization from 12\u00a0h onward. At 72\u00a0h after injection, graft uptake quantified from images was higher for the rapamycin\u2010treated group (26,448\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0904 digital light units [DLU]\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated allo\u2010rejection group (9176\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0576 DLU\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Treatment with anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 mAb inhibited graft uptake. Organ biodistribution study reflected the same tendency, and <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 mAb uptake reached a maximum of 12.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.86 %ID\/g (percent injected dose per gram) at 1\u00a0h, and graft\u2010to\u2010native skin ratio reached 8.10\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.10 %ID\/g at 72\u00a0h after injection in rapamycin\u2010treated grafts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiolabeled anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 mAb showed higher uptake in allo\u2010treated grafts compared with allo\u2010rejection grafts, which was proved by non\u2010invasive dynamic phosphor\u2010autoradiography imaging, and invasive <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> biodistribution. Radiolabeled anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 mAb is a new tracer for non\u2010invasive <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> imaging of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>5 in rapamycin\u2010treated allograft.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,9]],"date-time":"2015-01-09T12:23:19Z","timestamp":1420806199000},"page":"80-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i> Toll\u2010like receptor 5 (<scp>TLR<\/scp>5) imaging with radiolabeled anti\u2010<scp>TLR<\/scp>5 monoclonal antibody in rapamycin\u2010treated mouse allogeneic skin transplantation model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Department Qilu Hospital Shandong University Jinan Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Institute of Experimental Nuclear Medicine School of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 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