{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T06:33:30Z","timestamp":1781418810251,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]],"date-time":"2017-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24AI085118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24AI085118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IISP #51128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IISP #51128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic> infection (CDI<\/jats:styled-content>) is a significant complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo\u2010HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>). Our primary objective was to determine risk factors for the development of CDI<\/jats:styled-content> during the first year following allo\u2010HSCT<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A matched case\u2013control study nested in a cohort of allo\u2010HSCT<\/jats:styled-content> at a single hospital in Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, was conducted from 2002 through 2011.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Sixty\u2010five of 760 patients who underwent allo\u2010HSCT<\/jats:styled-content> between 2002 and 2011 developed CDI<\/jats:styled-content>, representing an incidence of 8.6%. We selected 123 controls matched for year of transplant for risk factor analyses. In the multivariable analysis, receipt of trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole (TMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SMX<\/jats:styled-content>) prior to transplantation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR<\/jats:styled-content>] 0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 0.02\u20100.27), mucositis (aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 5.90, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.08\u201016.72), and reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV<\/jats:styled-content>) (aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 6.17, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.17\u201017.57) and of other Herpesviridae viruses (aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 3.04, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.13\u20108.16) were the variables that remained statistically associated with CDI<\/jats:styled-content>. High\u2010risk antibiotic use in the late post\u2010transplant period (aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 7.63, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.14\u201027.22) was associated with development of late CDI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This study revealed reactivation of CMV<\/jats:styled-content> and other Herpesviridae viruses as novel risk factors for CDI<\/jats:styled-content>. Administration of TMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SMX<\/jats:styled-content> prior to transplantation was independently associated with a decreased risk of CDI<\/jats:styled-content>. Early and late CDI<\/jats:styled-content> after HSCT<\/jats:styled-content> may have distinct risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,10]],"date-time":"2016-12-10T12:22:28Z","timestamp":1481372548000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Risk factors for the development of C<\/scp>lostridium difficile<\/i> infection in adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A single\u2010center study in Q<\/scp>u\u00e9bec, C<\/scp>anada"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Lavall\u00e9e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology H\u00f4pital Maisonneuve\u2010Rosemont Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Montr\u00e9al QC 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