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We provide a retrospective analysis of the epidemiology and clinical features of CMVR in pediatric allogeneic HSCT patients transplanted at our center over a 16\u2010year period. Two patients of this cohort with leukemia are presented. Our analysis is supplemented by a systematic review on pediatric patients with leukemia and CMVR in the setting of allogeneic HSCT. The overall incidence of CMVR in our cohort was 1% (4\/338) and 14.2% (3\/21) in leukemic patients. In published cases, CMVR occurred at a median of 143\u00a0days after transplantation, and, in the majority of patients, was preceded by CMV detection in blood by a median of 93\u00a0days. Continued immune suppression following engraftment likely triggers CMVR. Preemptive treatment with ganciclovir as standard is usually successful. Foscarnet is used in case of resistance to ganciclovir or drug\u2010induced granulocytopenia. Overall, CMVR after HSCT in pediatric leukemic patients is rare, but a potentially higher vulnerability of this population for involvement of the eye warrants a standardized ophthalmological examination plan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T23:45:04Z","timestamp":1555026304000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cytomegalovirus retinitis in children and adolescents with acute leukemia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5888-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan K.","family":"Z\u00f6llner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Children's Hospital Muenster Muenster 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