{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T21:03:46Z","timestamp":1769202226881,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluconazole represents a common antifungal option for the treatment of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infections in liver transplant recipients. Although adequate antifungal exposure is known to correlate with favorable outcomes in patients with invasive candidiasis, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of fluconazole is currently not recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study including adult liver transplant recipients receiving fluconazole for invasive candidiasis and undergoing TDM. We assessed the correlation between clinical variables, fluconazole trough plasma levels (C<jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub>), and outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010seven patients (74% males; median age 57\u00a0years) were included. Abdominal candidiasis was the most frequent infection (56%). Median duration of fluconazole therapy was 17\u00a0days (IQR 9\u201021). Fluconazole median C<jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub> was 11.0\u00a0mg\/L (range 2.4\u201030.6\u00a0mg\/L). Five (19%) patients required TDM\u2010guided fluconazole dose increase. All\u2010cause in hospital mortality was 33%. Fluconazole C<jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub> &gt;11\u00a0mg\/L significantly correlated with clinical success (OR 8.78, 95% CI 1.13\u201067.8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study identified decreased fluconazole C<jats:sub>min<\/jats:sub> as a factor associated with negative outcomes in liver transplant recipients with <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection. TDM of fluconazole may be advisable in this patient population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T08:05:30Z","timestamp":1558339530000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Treatment of <i>Candida<\/i> infections with fluconazole in adult liver transplant recipients: Is TDM\u2010guided dosing adaptation helpful?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8718-1200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elda","family":"Righi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health University of Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Carnelutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Baccarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery and Transplantation Unit Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Assunta","family":"Sartor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piergiorgio","family":"Cojutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Bassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Pea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Udine Udine Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12613"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00492.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181a1afb7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/340586"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt508"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000228888.31242.2b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-018-2526-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/588660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000000673"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Fluconazolehttp:\/\/labeling.pfizer.com\/ShowLabeling.aspx?xml:id=575#Dosage. 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