{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:23:12Z","timestamp":1790090592512,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 AI 124464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 AI 124464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37 AI 051652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 AI 051652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The gut microbiome is being associated increasingly with development of infections besides\n                      <jats:italic>Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. A recent study found an association between butyrate\u2010producing gut (BPG) bacteria and less frequent development of lower respiratory viral infections in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (Haak et al, Blood 131(26): 2978, 2018). In this investigation, we examine the relationship between the abundance of BPG bacteria and the development of viral infections in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited 168 kidney transplant recipients who provided 510 fecal specimens in the first 3\u00a0months after transplantation and profiled the gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4\u2010V5 hypervariable region. We classified the kidney transplant recipients into higher BPG Bacteria Group and lower BPG Bacteria Group using the same criteria of 1% relative gut abundance of BPG bacteria as the Haak et al study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Administration of antibiotics against anaerobes was associated with a significant decrease in the relative gut abundance of BPG bacteria. The higher BPG Bacteria Group was associated with less development of respiratory viral infections (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.28,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.01) but not with less development of CMV viremia (HR: 0.38,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.13) or BK viremia (HR: 1.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.98) at 2\u00a0years post transplantation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our pilot investigation supports future validation of the relationship between high relative gut abundance of BPG bacteria and decreased risk for development of respiratory viral infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,23]],"date-time":"2019-09-23T02:48:53Z","timestamp":1569206933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Butyrate\u2010producing gut bacteria and viral infections in kidney transplant recipients: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9612-5742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine NewYork\u2010Presbyterian Hospital \u2013 Weill Cornell Medical Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Magruder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa T.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9041-1086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam N.","family":"Sholi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shady","family":"Albakry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Edusei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thangamani","family":"Muthukumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine NewYork\u2010Presbyterian Hospital \u2013 Weill Cornell Medical Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Lubetzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine NewYork\u2010Presbyterian Hospital \u2013 Weill Cornell Medical Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7973-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darshana M.","family":"Dadhania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Transplantation Medicine NewYork\u2010Presbyterian Hospital \u2013 Weill Cornell Medical Center New York NY 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