{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T05:29:23Z","timestamp":1778995763372,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> infection in kidney transplant patients remain limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A chart review of patients with a history of kidney transplant and one positive culture for <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> between 1999 and 2019 was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten patients (0.1%) had a <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> infection. Eight were deceased donor kidney transplant recipients, and the mean age at the time of transplant was 56.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.5\u00a0years. <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> infection occurred at a median of 12\u00a0months (range, 6\u2010102) after transplant with half of the cases within 1\u00a0year. Breakthrough <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> infection occurred in five patients receiving daily double\u2010strength (160\/800\u00a0mg) TMP\u2010SMX as prophylaxis. Half of the patients had comorbid CMV infection at diagnosis. The most common site involved was the lung. TMP\u2010SMX was the most frequently used antimicrobial agent for treating <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> infection (9 of 10); it was administered as single\u2010drug therapy (4 of 10) or as combination therapy with other antimicrobials (5 of 10). Overall mortality was 60% with 30% attributable mortality within a mean of 3.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.7\u00a0weeks after a diagnosis of <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>TMP\u2010SMX prophylaxis did not appear to protect against <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> but did appear to be associated with less severe disease. Overall outcomes remain poor, and infection can occur outside the traditional window.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T10:49:37Z","timestamp":1570618177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>Nocardia<\/i> infection in kidney transplant recipients: A single\u2010center experience"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-826X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Matchett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arjang","family":"Djamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University 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