{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:30:04Z","timestamp":1784194204401,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012021","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toxoplasmosis is an important opportunistic infection in immunocompromised children, especially in heart transplant recipients. This study aimed to investigate pre\u2010 and post\u2010transplant serology for toxoplasmosis along with post\u2010transplant PCR in pediatric heart transplant patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was performed on 38 heart transplant recipients aged 1\u201017\u00a0years, by the end of 2018. Pre\u2010 and post\u2010transplant IgM and IgG titrations were measured using ELISA method. Nested PCR of B1 gene was performed to identify <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T gondii)<\/jats:italic> infection after transplant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Totally, 11.4% of patients had positive IgG and 91.4% had negative IgM for toxoplasmosis before heart transplantation. The mean of pre\u2010transplant IgG titration for seropositive and seronegative patients was 22.32\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.30\u00a0IU\/mL and 1.49\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.15\u00a0IU\/mL, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). All cases were on chemoprophylaxis with trimethoprim\u2010sulfamethoxazole (TMP\/SMX). The mean of post\u2010transplant IgG titration was 1.62\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.87\u00a0IU\/mL, which was negative for all cases. Investigating pre\u2010transplant, IgM titration, 5.7% were positive, 91.4% were negative, and 2.9% were borderline. All cases were post\u2010transplant IgM negative. The mean of post\u2010transplant IgG titrations was significantly higher in the first 6\u00a0months (3.26\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.68\u00a0IU\/mL) compared to 6\u201012 (1.30\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.34\u00a0IU\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.039) and\u00a0&gt;\u00a012\u00a0months (1.07\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.27\u00a0IU\/mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.004) time periods. The result of PCR for B1 gene in all cases was negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemoprophylaxis with TMP\/SMX seems to be effective in prevention of <jats:italic>T gondii<\/jats:italic> infection or reactivation among pediatric heart transplantation population. Anti\u2010T. gondii\u2010IgG level alone may not be sensitive enough for evaluation of the infection at least after 6\u00a0months post\u2010transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T12:06:05Z","timestamp":1590235565000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of serologic status of <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection in pre\u2010 and post\u2010heart transplantation in a pediatric population: A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7087-0288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elahe","family":"Orang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7772-8353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirin","family":"Sayyahfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2883-2736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mahdavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-8496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadijeh","family":"Khanaliha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5437-7661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehri","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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