{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:40:06Z","timestamp":1784194806431,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim was to identify the causing organisms and assess the association of procalcitonin (PCT) with bacterial pneumonia within 24\u00a0hours of intensive care unit admission (ICU\u2010A) among lung transplant (LT) adult recipients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary analysis from a prospective cohort study. All LT adults admitted to ICU for acute respiratory failure (ARF) over 5\u00a0years were included. Patients were followed until hospital discharge or death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010eight consecutive LT patients were enrolled. The most important cause of ICU\u2010A due to ARF was pneumonia 29 (50%) followed by acute rejection 3 (5.2%) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome exacerbation 3 (5.2%). Microorganisms were isolated from 22\/29 cases with pneumonia (75.9%): 17 (77.2%) bacterial, 4 (18.2%) viral, 1 (4.5%) <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigates<\/jats:italic>, with <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> being the most common cause (45.5%) of pneumonia, with 10 patients presenting chronic colonization by <jats:italic>P aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>. Median [Interquartile range (IQR)] PCT levels within 24\u00a0hours after admission were higher in pneumonia (1.5\u00a0\u00b5g\/L; IQR:0.3\u201022.0), than in non\u2010pneumonia cases (0.2\u00a0\u00b5g\/L; IQR:0.1\u20100.7) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.019) and PCT levels within 24\u00a0hours helped to discriminate bacterial pneumonia (8.2\u00a0\u00b5g\/L; IQR:0.2\u201043.0) from viral pneumonia and non\u2010pneumonia cases (0.2\u00a0\u00b5g\/L; IQR:0.1\u20100.7). The overall negative predictive value for bacterial pneumonia was 85.1%, increasing to 91.6% among episodes after 6\u00a0months of LT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Causes of severe pneumonia in LT are changing, with predominant role of <jats:italic>P\u00a0aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> and respiratory viruses. PCT\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/L within 24\u00a0hours helps to exclude bacterial pneumonia diagnosis in LT adults requiring ICU\u2010A. A negative PCT test allows antimicrobial de\u2010escalation and requires an alternative diagnostic to bacterial pneumonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,30]],"date-time":"2020-05-30T21:52:05Z","timestamp":1590875525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Acute respiratory failure among lung transplant adults requiring intensive care: Changing spectrum of causative organisms and impact of procalcitonin test in the diagnostic workup"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2000-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Tejada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituo Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Research\/Epidemiology In Pneumonia &amp; Sepsis (CRIPS) Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR) Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Campogiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases Department of System Medicine Tor Vergata University Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristopher","family":"Mazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituo Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Research\/Epidemiology In Pneumonia &amp; Sepsis (CRIPS) Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Donor &amp; Transplant Coordination Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anabel","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ONCOBELL Program \u2010 Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituo Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Research\/Epidemiology In Pneumonia &amp; Sepsis (CRIPS) Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR) Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Pont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research\/Epidemiology In Pneumonia &amp; Sepsis (CRIPS) Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Donor &amp; Transplant Coordination Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aroa","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Donor &amp; Transplant Coordination Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Department Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Rello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituo Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Research\/Epidemiology In Pneumonia &amp; Sepsis (CRIPS) Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut of Research (VHIR) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Anesthesia Department Clinical Research in the ICU CHU Nimes Universite de Nimes\u2010Montpellier Nimes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1581ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61879-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01512-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-644ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2007.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2012.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2011.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2017.11.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00095214"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13511"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2015.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028013508085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2014.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2012.00780.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-3274(98)80013-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv252"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1297"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03736-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05866-w","article-title":"Antimicrobial de\u2010escalation in critically ill patients: a position statement from a task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) and European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Critically Ill Patients Study Group (ESGCIP)","volume":"46","author":"Tabah A","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Transplant Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tid.13346","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tid.13346","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tid.13346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T05:29:07Z","timestamp":1693805347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tid.13346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tid.13346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tid.13346","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1398-2273","1399-3062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1398-2273","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13346"}}