{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:45:56Z","timestamp":1753879556349,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major complication following transplantation. The likelihood of TB may be increased in transplant patients living in TB\u2010endemic areas such as Saudi Arabia. In areas where TB is less common, guidelines recommend isoniazid (INH) for TB prophylaxis depending on patient and donor screening results. However, in TB\u2010endemic regions, studies have supported its use in all transplant patients regardless of TB screening results. This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of administering INH prophylaxis therapy based on the TB screening results of lung transplant (LT) recipients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a single\u2010center retrospective cohort study on LT recipients. The outcomes were compared between patients who were administered screening\u2010based prophylaxis (SBP) with INH based on their tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) or QuantiFERON results and those who were administered empirical prophylaxis (EP) with INH regardless of TB screening results. The primary endpoint was the incidence of TB infection, and the secondary endpoints were INH\u2010induced hepatotoxicity and INH resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 50 patients received SBP and 30 received EP. TB incidences were 8% and 0%, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0487). One of these patients had INH resistance, and one patient experienced INH\u2010induced hepatotoxicity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.1591); both were in the SBP group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The low rates of TB infection, INH\u2010induced hepatotoxicity, and INH resistance in the EP group suggest that INH prophylaxis appears to prevent TB and can be safely used in all LT recipients. However, prospective studies using large sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T03:13:50Z","timestamp":1601090030000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Empiric vs screening\u2010based use of isoniazid for tuberculosis prophylaxis: Safety and effectiveness in lung transplant recipients in Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2022-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghazwa B.","family":"Korayem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Department College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dema A.","family":"Alissa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Care Division King Faisal Specialist Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norah I.","family":"AlSuhaibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Department College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghaliah S.","family":"AlSwailem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Department College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monifah A.","family":"AlShammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Department College of Pharmacy Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Yaqoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Transplant Section Organ Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital &amp; Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doaa S.","family":"Aljasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section Health Sciences Research Center Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1275-8324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem S.","family":"Almaghrabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine King Faisal Specialist Hospital &amp; Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00000712"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2017.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514993"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.05.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000147784.53188.DC"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0213-005X(12)70080-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Guidance for Identifying Risk Factors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) during evaluation of potential living kidney donors \u2010 OPTN.https:\/\/optn.transplant.hrsa.gov\/resources\/guidance\/guidance\u2010for\u2010identifying\u2010risk\u2010factors\u2010for\u2010mycobacterium\u2010tuberculosis\u2010mtb\u2010during\u2010evaluation\u2010of\u2010potential\u2010living\u2010kidney\u2010donors\/. 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