{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:57:00Z","timestamp":1792799820189,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals diagnosed with acute lymphoid and myeloid malignancies are at significant risk of invasive fungal and bacterial infections secondary to their marked immunocompromised states with a significant high risk of mortality. The role of metabolic imaging with 18F\u2010Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography\/Computed Tomography (PET\/CT) has been increasingly recognized in optimizing the diagnosis of invasive infection, monitoring the response to therapy and guiding the duration of antimicrobial therapy or need to escalate to surgical intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two distinct cases of pulmonary co\u2010infection of rare fungal and bacterial pathogens are explored in severely immunocompromised individuals where FDG PET\/CT aided both patients to make a full recovery and transition to HCT. The first case explores mixed Scedosporium apiospermum and Rhizomucor pulmonary infection on a background of T cell\/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia ultimately warranting long\u2010term antifungal therapy and lobectomy prior to HCT. The second case explores Fusarium and Nocardia pulmonary infection on a background of relapsed AML also warranting surgical resection with lobectomy and long\u2010term antimicrobials prior to transition to HCT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cases highlight the utility of FDG PET\/CT to support the diagnosis of infections, including the presence or absence of disseminated infection, and to provide highly sensitive monitoring of the infection over time. FDG PET\/CT played a key role in directing therapy duration decisions and prompted the necessity for surgical intervention. Ultimately, the use of FDG PET\/CT allowed for a successful transition to HCT highlighting its value in this clinical setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>FDG PET\/CT has an emerging role in the diagnostic and monitoring pathway for complex infections in high\u2010risk immunocompromised patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T21:43:27Z","timestamp":1608327807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The role of 18F\u2010Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography\/Computed Tomography (FDG PET\/CT) in assessment of complex invasive fungal disease and opportunistic co\u2010infections in patients with acute leukemia prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1597-2083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Longhitano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Vic. 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