{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T01:17:09Z","timestamp":1774315029764,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the incidence of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OC), or thrush, in renal transplant recipients receiving nystatin versus no antifungal prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a single\u2010center, retrospective, non\u2010inferiority study of adult renal transplant recipients (RTRs) who received nystatin for 30\u00a0days for OC prophylaxis (nystatin group) or no antifungal prophylaxis therapy (No PPX group). The primary outcome was the incidence of OC within 3\u00a0months post\u2010transplant. Secondary outcomes included time to OC occurrence and severity of OC. The pre\u2010specified non\u2010inferiority margin was 10%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of OC within 3\u00a0months post\u2010transplant among 257 RTRs was 7.8% (10\/128) in the No PPX group and 4.7% (6\/129) RTRs in the nystatin group, a risk difference of 3.2% (95% CI, \u22122.7% to 9.1%, non\u2010inferiority <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04). The median time to OC was 7.5\u00a0days (IQR 6.3\u201034.3\u00a0days) in the nystatin group and 9.5\u00a0days (IQR 5.3\u201030.5\u00a0days) in the No PPX group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.64). Esophageal candidiasis was observed in 10% (1\/10) of RTRs with OC in the No PPX group compared to 16.7% (1\/6) RTRs in the nystatin group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01.00). All RTRs with OC achieved symptom resolution with fluconazole and\/or nystatin. Two patients in the No PPX group required readmission for decreased oral intake, and OC was diagnosed and treated during their hospital day.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study of adult RTRs, the absence of antifungal prophylaxis demonstrated non\u2010inferiority to 30\u2010day nystatin prophylaxis at reducing the incidence of OC within 3\u00a0months of transplant. OC prophylaxis may not be warranted after renal transplant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T14:35:56Z","timestamp":1609598156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Oropharyngeal candidiasis outcomes in renal transplant recipients receiving nystatin versus no antifungal prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5564-7552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trung Q.","family":"Ky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7961-494X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong M.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2239-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie A.","family":"McMurry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3179-948X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Tischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2971-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda J.","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5081-4649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Cotiguala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Services Michigan Medicine Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.18658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/moe.2002.121992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350140096014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7182\/pit2015929"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Esophageal candidiasis after renal transplantation: comparative study in patients on different immunosuppressive protocols","volume":"89","author":"Gupta KL","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J 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