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The case presented involved a pancreas\u2010kidney transplant recipient with multiple brain abscesses caused by Bartonella henselae. CSF metagenomic next\u2010generation sequencing played a significant role in the diagnosis. Bartonella henselae is a gram\u2010negative zoonotic pathogen that causes cat\u2010scratch disease, which can be transmitted to humans through cat bites or scratches. Symptoms can vary in severity, correlating with the patient's immune status. Visceral organ involvement, ocular involvement, and neurological manifestations have been reported in immunocompromised patients, but brain abscesses are rare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T03:29:15Z","timestamp":1647833355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Into the unknown: Diagnosing mysterious brain lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3284-3876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ihab","family":"Kassab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Isada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Respiratory Institute Cleveland Clinic Foundation  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5498-5042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwan M.","family":"Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Sarsam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9606-9402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Camelo\u2010Piragua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Kaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maricar","family":"Malinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu428"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Central nervous system infections in immunocompromised patients","volume":"31","author":"Castro I","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Esp Quimioter"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2013.11.001"},{"volume-title":"Reported Tuberculosis in the United States","year":"2018","author":"CDC","key":"e_1_2_15_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908\u2010017\u20100595\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010\u2010002\u20102121\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426\u2010018\u20100106\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415\u2010013\u20107060\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1997.01430270090019"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399\u20100012.2002.02033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw241"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000404"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2408.180045"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.13218"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13611"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2014.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ro.2013.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001959"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","unstructured":"Michigan Disease Surveillance System. 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