{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:10:14Z","timestamp":1792271414955,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016767","name":"United Network for Organ Sharing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection that poses a serious risk when transmitted through organ transplantation. We analyzed cases reported to the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network ad hoc Disease Transmission Advisory Committee from 2013 to 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Donors and\/or recipients who had positive <jats:italic>Coccidioides immitis\/posadasii<\/jats:italic> serology, pathology, and\/or culture were included in this study. Cases adjudicated as \u2018proven\u2019 or \u2018probable\u2019 were analyzed for donor infection risk factors, the timing of infection, transmission by organ type, clinical manifestations, and recipient outcomes. Patient and facility identifiers were removed prior to review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During this time period, 73 potential instances of <jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic> donor disease transmission events were reported. Among them, infection was transmitted from seven deceased donors to eight recipients. All seven deceased donors had prior infection or exposure to regions where coccidioidomycosis is endemic. Of 20 individuals receiving organs from these donors, eight developed infection, resulting in a 40% transmission rate. The median time to diagnosis post\u2010transplant was 39 days. Disseminated disease occurred in six recipients, five of whom died from the infection. Notably, none of the recipients who received prophylactic antifungal treatment died from the infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite its rarity, donor\u2010derived <jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic> infection is a serious concern, particularly due to the high mortality rate in the early post\u2010transplant period. To mitigate these risks, a thorough assessment of donor exposure history, coupled with donor serology and bronchoalveolar lavage cultures, can effectively guide post\u2010transplant antifungal prophylaxis. Prompt reporting is crucial to prevent <jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic> infections among other recipients.\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tid14406-gra-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.14406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T02:53:51Z","timestamp":1732762431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Coccidioidomycosis Transmission Through Solid Organ Transplantation (2013\u20132022): A Report of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network ad hoc Disease Transmission Advisory Committee"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1860-3446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Heun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco Medical Center  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0783-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maheen Z.","family":"Abidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Denver Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6661-9162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Washington Medical Center  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L.","family":"Hughart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Hospital  Minnesota Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Toda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6176-2629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald J.","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University Medical Center  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riki","family":"Graves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Houston Methodist Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dzhuliyana","family":"Handarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Network for Organ Sharing  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chak\u2010Sum","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gift of Hope Organ &amp; Tissue Donor Network  Itasca Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Kittleson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Cedars Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn E.","family":"Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Human Services Division of Transplantation  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Livelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gift of Hope Organ &amp; Tissue Donor Network  Itasca Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Marboe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology NY Presbyterian Hospital\/Columbia University Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Annamabhotla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Blood, Organ and Other Tissue, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Duke University  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanvi","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marty T.","family":"Sellers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gift of Life Donor Program  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1776-7510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Taimur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Mt. Sinai Medical Center  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3172-6184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen S.","family":"Te","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Chicago Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1399-7228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil J.","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Patrick","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Gift Organ Donation Center  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Zaffiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5628-2444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Pouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5691-5221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Danziger\u2010Isakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/323463"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199504203321607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.15199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13950"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2901.220771"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2019GH000209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13553"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"OPTN DTAC.Recognizing Seasonal and Geographically Endemic Infection in Organ Donors\" COnsideration for Deceased and Living Donation. 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