{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T17:02:12Z","timestamp":1785603732602,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) and normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) are increasingly used for preservation of deceased donor kidneys. However, especially NMP can pose as a risk for microbial contamination of the kidney graft as the 37\u00b0C perfusate can act as a breeding ground for microbial contaminants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we investigated the cultures of HMP and NMP perfusates of deceased donor kidneys.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between January 2021 and April 2024, a total of 99 perfusates were examined (73 HMP and 26 NMP perfusates)\u2010. We found that contamination of HMP perfusate was common, occurring in 21 of 73 cultures (29%). Most bacteria originated from the skin. Microbial contamination during NMP was rare, occurring only in 2 of 26 cultures (8%). Microbial contamination during machine perfusion did not lead to infectious complications in the recipients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Machine perfusion poses a very limited risk of infection in kidney transplant recipients.\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tid70019-gra-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.70019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T21:46:27Z","timestamp":1741729587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Limited Risk of Microbial Contamination During Hypothermic and Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Kidneys"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2864-1219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia S.","family":"Slagter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2766-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina A. M.","family":"Schurink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u2010Lai M.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-567X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marlies E. J.","family":"Reinders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MC Transplant Institute Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0538-734X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert J.","family":"Porte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9494-3717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert C.","family":"Minnee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03200319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2023.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802289"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02376-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9894"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.14069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2020.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002076"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29337\/ijsp.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2017.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000001664"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004653"}],"container-title":["Transplant Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tid.70019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T12:40:11Z","timestamp":1758112811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tid.70019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tid.70019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tid.70019","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1398-2273","1399-3062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1398-2273","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70019"}}