{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:51:30Z","timestamp":1791258690649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transplant Infectious Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite increasing interest in sex and gender in transplant medicine, the impact of recipient\u2013donor sex combinations (RDSCs) on posttransplant infections, graft survival, and rejection remains unclear. To assess if RDSC is independently associated with infectious events in solid organ transplantion (SOT) recipients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study assessed a national prospectively maintained registry including six transplant centers. All adult patients, undergoing primary transplant of either heart, kidney, liver, or lung, between May 1, 2008, and December 31, 2021, were included. Endpoints were clinically significant infectious events (primary endpoint), graft survival, rejection, and overall survival within the first year. Patients were grouped as per RDSC. The primary statistical outcome of the organ\u2010specific, a priori known risk factor\u2010adjusted analyses are reported as incidence rate ratios (IRRs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort included 5033 recipients: 2886 (57.3%) kidney, 1224 (24.3%) liver, 515 (10.2%) lung, and 408 (8.1%) heart transplants, documenting 6067 infections. Recipient\u2013donor sex mismatch was not associated with weighted posttransplant infection risk in heart (IRR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.48;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.75), kidney (IRR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.17;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.69), liver (IRR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.50;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.52), or lung (IRR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.26;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.89) recipients. Female kidney recipients had significantly higher infection rates than males (IRR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.32, 1.71;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), largely explained by urinary tract infections. One\u2010year graft survival, rejection, and overall survival were unaffected by RDSC across all organs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      RDSC does not influence 1\u2010year SOT infectious outcome, as well as rejection or graft survival as exploratory outcomes.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tid70245-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.70245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T15:06:01Z","timestamp":1779807961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recipient\u2013Donor Sex Combinations and Posttransplant Infections: A Swiss Transplant Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4570-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian T. J.","family":"Magyar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0447-9527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlene P.","family":"Gretener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2388-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaromil","family":"Frossard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katell","family":"Mellac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic For Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2435-5936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Sidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department For Nephrology and Hypertension University Hospital Insel Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3317-6219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Reineke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery Inselspital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1059-3191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas J.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2921-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franz","family":"Immer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swisstransplant  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"van Delden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit Service of Infectious Diseases University Hospitals Geneva University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7607-0943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oriol","family":"Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation Center and Service of Infectious Diseases University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Thoracic Surgery Lausanne University Hospital  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2642-419X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2858-4530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia","family":"Boggian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Infection Prevention and Travel Medicine HOCH Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen  St. Gallen Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Beekman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7870-912X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Hirzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4887-5776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Banz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/TID.13673"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03200319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPUBH.2024.1355179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.HEALUN.2022.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41577\u2010024\u201000996\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FIMMU.2018.01269"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CELREP.2019.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.1321060111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739\u2010022\u201002999\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096\u2010024\u201004894\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.11.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJIC.2016.04.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12882\u2010023\u201003338\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/AJT.14608"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0241556"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TRRE.2017.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S40262\u2010014\u20100213\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.108.844183"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.KINT.2023.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.16178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EJIM.2022.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.HEALUN.2006.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezu340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.70023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10654\u2010012\u20109754\u2010Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000004109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(07)61602\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.KINT.2017.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.14314"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhlto.2024.100158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl\u20102017\u2010311435"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01790215\/\u2010\/DCSUPPLEMENTAL"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy131"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05560519"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6002\/ECT.2015.0211"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2025.14387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00294402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivs570"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2024.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/LIV.14510"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/CTR.15312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385\u2010019\u20100160\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010024\u201000974\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102021\u2010051176"}],"container-title":["Transplant Infectious Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tid.70245","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tid.70245","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tid.70245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:15:22Z","timestamp":1791256522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tid.70245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tid.70245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tid.70245","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1398-2273","1399-3062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1398-2273","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70245"}}