{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T23:02:06Z","timestamp":1778713326667,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["812816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["812816"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002141","name":"Public Health England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lack of approved specific therapeutic agents to treat coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection has led to the rapid implementation of convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) trials in many countries, including the United Kingdom. Effective CPT is likely to require high titres of neutralising antibody (nAb) in convalescent donations. Understanding the relationship between functional neutralising antibodies and antibody levels to specific SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 proteins in scalable assays will be crucial for the success of a large\u2010scale collection. We assessed whether neutralising antibody titres correlated with reactivity in a range of enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) targeting the spike (S) protein, the main target for human immune response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood samples were collected from 52 individuals with a previous laboratory\u2010confirmed SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection. These were assayed for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 nAbs by microneutralisation and pseudo\u2010type assays and for antibodies by four different ELISAs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to further identify sensitivity and specificity of selected assays to identify samples containing high nAb levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All samples contained SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antibodies, whereas neutralising antibody titres of greater than 1:20 were detected in 43 samples (83% of those tested) and &gt;1:100 in 22 samples (42%). The best correlations were observed with EUROimmun immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactivity (Spearman Rho correlation coefficient 0.88;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Based on ROC analysis, EUROimmun would detect 60% of samples with titres of &gt;1:100 with 100% specificity using a reactivity index of 9.1 (13\/22).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Robust associations between nAb titres and reactivity in several ELISA\u2010based antibody tests demonstrate their possible utility for scaled\u2010up production of convalescent plasma containing potentially therapeutic levels of anti\u2010SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 nAbs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T09:24:19Z","timestamp":1608283459000},"page":"167-175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Convalescent plasma therapy for the treatment of patients with COVID\u201019: Assessment of methods available for antibody detection and their correlation with neutralising antibody levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9154-4190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heli","family":"Harvala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Services NHS Blood and Transplant  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew L.","family":"Robb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Clinical Studies NHS Blood and Transplant  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development NHS Blood and Transplant Cambridge  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samreen","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Reference Department National Infection Service, Public Health England  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Dicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Reference Department National Infection Service, Public Health England  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Containment Microbiology National Infection Service, Public Health England  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piyada","family":"Supasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dejnirattisai","family":"Wanwisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juthathip","family":"Mongkolsapaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbie","family":"Bown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory Public Health England, Porton Down  Wiltshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory Public Health England, Porton Down  Wiltshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Vipond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory Public Health England, Porton Down  Wiltshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Grayson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine University of Oxford, University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Temperton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medway School of Pharmacy University of Kent  Chatham UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunetra","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rutger J.","family":"Ploeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Department of Transplant Centre Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jai","family":"Bolton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Fyfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Gopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Reference Department National Infection Service, Public Health England  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gavin","family":"Screaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory Public Health England, Porton Down  Wiltshire UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zambon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Reference Department National Infection Service, Public Health England  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gail","family":"Miflin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chief Medical Officer NHS Blood and Transplant  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0648-6585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Radcliffe Department of Medicine and BRC Haematology Theme University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Novel coronavirus 2019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed July 1 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0695-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"DochertyAB HarrisonEM GreenCA et al.Features of 16 749 hospitalised UKpatients with COVID\u201019 using the ISARIC WHO clinical characterisation protocol.medRxiv 2020: 2020.04.23.20076042."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2004168117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.4783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0321-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WuF WangA LiuM et al.Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in a COVID\u201019 recovered patient cohort and their implications.medRxiv 2020: 2020.03.30.20047365.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.30.20047365"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0897-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02015-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RickeDO MaloneRW.Medical countermeasures analysis of 2019\u2010nCoV and vaccine risks for antibody\u2010dependent enhancement (ADE).Preprints2020; 2020030138.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202003.0138.v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"ThompsonC GraysonN PatonR et al.Neutralising antibodies to SARS coronavirus 2 in Scottish blood donors \u2010 a pilot study of the value of serology to determine population exposure.medRxiv 2020: 2020.04.13.20060467."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1743767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit609"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"The WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS)Serological diagnosis of influenza by microneutralisation assay.https:\/\/www.who.int\/influenza\/gisrs_laboratory\/2010_12_06_serological_diagnosis_of_influenza_by_microneutralization_assay.pdf. Accessed July 1 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.16.2000421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lassauni\u00e8reR FrischeA HarboeZB et al.Evaluation of nine commercial SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 immunoassays.medRxiv 2020: 2020.04.09.20056325.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.09.20056325"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa310"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa344"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2196-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.11.2000266"}],"container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tme.12746","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tme.12746","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tme.12746","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T02:56:22Z","timestamp":1693364182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tme.12746"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tme.12746"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tme.12746","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.05.20.20091694","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0958-7578","1365-3148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0958-7578","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}