{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:20:06Z","timestamp":1787016006862,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 is a worldwide infection caused by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and infects humans by binding to the ACE2 receptor. Blood group ABO glycoproteins can influence the binding of the virus to ACE2. The role of ABO blood system in the susceptibility to infection as well as in the clinical outcome of infected patients is still controversial and needs to be clarified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of 167 patients positive for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 who underwent nasopharyngeal swab, and of a control group represented by 891 subjects negative for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, to assess the association between ABO and Rh blood system and occurrence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, clinical presentation, and outcome of disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the cohort of patients positive for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, no statistically significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood types compared with controls was observed. Patients with blood type A had a higher risk of developing symptomatic disease (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.002; odds ratio [OR\u00a0=\u00a03.592]; 95% confidence interval [CI]\u00a0=\u00a01.576\u20138.187) compared to patients with blood types B, AB, and O. Patients with blood types B (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.021; OR\u00a0=\u00a00.293; 95%CI\u00a0=\u00a00.099\u20130.869) and O (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.018; OR\u00a0=\u00a00.417; 95%CI\u00a0=\u00a00.199\u20130.871) showed a lower risk in comparison to the other groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical progression to mild\/moderate and severe\/critical disease and the mortality showed no association. Moreover, no relationship with Rh blood type was found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings support a role of ABO blood type in the development of symptomatic disease with a higher risk in subjects with blood type A and a protective effect of blood types B and O. Blood types do not seem, however, to play a role in susceptibility, progression to severe disease, and death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,11]],"date-time":"2021-06-11T03:10:41Z","timestamp":1623381041000},"page":"243-247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Role of\n                    <scp>ABO<\/scp>\n                    blood system in\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019: Findings from a southern Italian study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6156-0413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierpaolo","family":"Negro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inter\u2010company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit Vito Fazzi Hospital  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8289-0147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Congedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Vito Fazzi Hospital  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5598-8499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Zizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7907-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcello","family":"Guido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of Salento  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3939-1697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Sacquegna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inter\u2010company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit Vito Fazzi Hospital  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0914-410X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pulito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care and Resuscitation Unit Vito Fazzi Hospital  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6850-4630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giambattista","family":"Lobreglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Vito Fazzi Hospital  Lecce Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00662-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01509-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-020-08317-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1150"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2020.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30699\/ijp.2020.125135.2367"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojim.2020.102024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZengX FanH LuD et al.Association between ABO blood groups and clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019: Evidence from two cohortsmedRxiv [Preprint]2020.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.15.20063107","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.15.20063107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-04169-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ZietzM TatonettiNP.Testing the association between blood type and COVID\u201019 infection intubation and death.medRxiv [Preprint].2020;2020.04.08.20058073.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.08.20058073","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.08.20058073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"MendyA KellerJL ApewokinS MorrowAL.Is blood type associated with COVID\u201019 severity?medRxiv [Preprint].2020;2020.08.11.20172676.https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.08.11.20172676v1. 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