{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:18:25Z","timestamp":1790806705935,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a mixed\u2010methods study to explore the motivations associated with blood donation by donors with known, but undisclosed HIV\u2010positive status and ARV use (HIV+\/ARV+), seeking potential strategies to reduce such donations and mitigate risk for blood recipients. Here, we report predominantly the qualitative component.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A safe and sustainable blood supply is dependent in part, on effective pre\u2010donation donor assessment. We previously described failure by HIV+\/ARV+ blood donors to disclose their status. Such donations may lead to transfusion\u2010transmitted HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The social ecological model provided the conceptual framework for this study. Previously identified HIV+\/ARV+ donors were invited to complete a survey (including a validated stigma scale) and qualitative interview, which underwent inductive and deductive thematic analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We uncovered two primary motivational paths to HIV+\/ARV+ blood donations: privacy and altruism. The latter included a motivation not previously reported in the literature: donating specifically for other people living with HIV (PLWH). The other primary factor was a lack of privacy. These accounts often included donors encountering donation opportunities when accompanied by people to whom they had not and did not plan to disclose their HIV status. Most were highly confident their donations would be identified as HIV\u2010positive and discarded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrated a complex interaction between individual, social, cultural, and structural\/policy factors in blood donations by PLWH who take ARV. Recommendations to limit HIV\u2009+\u2009ARV+ donations include: (1) Targeted communication strategies to increase knowledge among PLWH of their deferral from blood donation\u2014without increasing stigma, and (2) development of procedures to assist those who feel unable to opt\u2010out of donation due to privacy concerns.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T15:43:28Z","timestamp":1676648608000},"page":"277-286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Motivations for blood donation by <scp>HIV<\/scp>\u2010positive individuals on antiretrovirals in <scp>South Africa<\/scp>: A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Karin","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Division South African National Blood Service  Roodepoort South 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