{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:51:38Z","timestamp":1789771898293,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vasovagal reaction (VVR) is a frequently encountered generalised donor adverse reaction, associated with donor deterrence towards future donation. Several mitigation strategies for prevention of VVR were tried but still not standardised. This quadri\u2010armed randomised study evaluated the utility of water ingestion, applied muscle tension (AMT) and combination of both in preventing the VVR among blood donors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A quadri\u2010armed randomised controlled trial was performed on 4320 whole blood donors. Blood donors of 18\u201365\u2009years of age were randomised into four groups based on the interventions performed i.e., control with no intervention (Group 1, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091081), water ingestion (Group 2, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091082), AMT (Group 3, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091070) and combined intervention (Group 4, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091087). VVR during and immediately after blood donation were observed along with assessment of risk factors in blood donors and the effectiveness of interventions were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of VVR observed 1.6% in our study, with the highest occurrence in the control group (2.5%) and the lowest in the combined intervention group (0.9%). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the control group donors faced a 1.38\u2010fold greater risk of VVR compared to those receiving interventions (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10\u20131.75). Other risk factors included younger age (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.05\u20132.17), first\u2010time donation (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 1.66\u20135.74), prior history of VVR (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 10.4\u2013101.52).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion\/Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combined approach of water ingestion and AMT proved significantly more effective in VVR prevention compared to individual interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.13026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T16:39:02Z","timestamp":1704213542000},"page":"20-29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevention strategies for vasovagal reaction in whole blood donors: A quadri\u2010armed randomised control trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3269-1857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radheshyam","family":"Meher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9681-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gopal Kumar","family":"Patidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8180-0004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hem Chandra","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Hazarika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2011.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12488"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Adverse reactions during voluntary donation of blood and\/or blood components. A statistical\u2010epidemiological study","volume":"5","author":"Crocco A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood Transfus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021795022380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16375"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-017-0787-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"Central Drugs Standards Control Organisation.Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India; Amendment in Part XB & Part XIIB pertains to Blood Centre and Blood components.2020.https:\/\/www.cdsco.gov.in\/opencms\/opencms\/system\/modules\/CDSCO.WEB\/elements\/downloadfiledivision.jsp?numid=NTc2MQ. 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