{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T22:45:50Z","timestamp":1780440350962,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lifelong blood transfusions, crucial for severe cases of thalassaemia and sickle cell disease (SCD), contribute to a high risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted infections (TTIs). The current systematic review and meta\u2010analysis determined the prevalence of transfusion\u2010transmitted infections (TTIs) among patients with thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia in India. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, EMBASE and Web of Science for articles published up to September 13, 2025. Title abstract screening followed by full\u2010text review and data extraction was done by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed for the included studies. Meta\u2010analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of TTIs. The systematic review and meta\u2010analysis identified 397 unique articles, with 39 selected for full\u2010text review. After exclusions, 24 studies spanning from 1990 to 2023 were included. All 24 studies included patients with beta thalassaemia, whereas only one study had data on sickle cell anaemia patients, so this review focuses mainly on the prevalence of TTI in patients with beta thalassaemia. The pooled prevalence of Hepatitis C was 22% (95% CI: 14%\u201330%; I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200996%), Hepatitis B was 8% (95% CI: 2%\u201316%; I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200996%) and HIV was 4% (95% CI: 2%\u20137%; I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u200977%) in beta\u2010thalassaemia patients, all showing high heterogeneity. Meta\u2010regression revealed a statistically significant decline over time in HBV (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.0194,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009&lt;0.01) while Hepatitis C prevalence (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.0025,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.6642) and HIV showed no significant trend (Beta\u2009=\u2009\u22120.0001,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.9839). Significant burden of TTIs is present among transfusion\u2010dependent thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia patients in India. Strengthening screening protocols, improving vaccination coverage and implementing targeted healthcare interventions are essential to mitigate this preventable risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T02:48:58Z","timestamp":1764384538000},"page":"121-132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Burden of transfusion\u2010transmitted infections among patients with thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia in India: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Shandilya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Medical College and Hospital  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9333-884X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Savitha","family":"Seetharaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  Nagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahana","family":"Parmeswaraiah Geetha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  Nagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0961-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divjot Singh","family":"Lamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2589-8315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soumya","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)  Nagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2828-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bijaya Kumar","family":"Padhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3898-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aravind P","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences  Nagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa.Sickle cell disease.2025https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/health-topics\/sickle-cell-disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-023-00683-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"SharmaP PandeyS DwivediN MishraR.Sickle cell disease (SCD): still here and causing pain diagnostic & inheritance district\u2010wise distribution of sickle cell trait among the tribal populations in India.2018https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/325734868_Sickle_cell_Disease_SCD_Still_here_and_Causing_PainDiagnostic_Inheritance_District-wise_distribution_of_sickle_cell_trait_among_the_tribal_populations_in_India"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Thalassaemia International Federation.Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion Dependent Thalassaemia (TDT).2021https:\/\/www.thalassemia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/TIF-2021-Guidelines-for-Mgmt-of-TDT.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2021000307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood\u20102018\u201011\u2010833996"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"National Standards for Blood Centres","author":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPM.IJPM_361_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.ijcm_231_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.166598"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).Technical Guidelines \u2013 National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). 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