{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:53:15Z","timestamp":1781740395806,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To assess the impact of the individualised risk\u2010based donor selection guidelines on deferral of blood donors at donation sessions in England.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n From June 2021, the 3\u2010month deferral for sex between men was replaced by an individualised risk assessment known as FAIR (For the Assessment of Individualised Risk). Assessing the impact of deferral at donation informs donor and policy management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Data were obtained from the NHS Blood and Transplant donor management system for deferrals associated with FAIR deferral codes or injecting drug use after FAIR implementation, 14 June 2021 to 13 June 2023. Rates for each deferral category were estimated by age group, sex, ethnic group, and donor type. Pre\u2010donation forms were reviewed for evidence of multiple deferrable behaviours, and return rates were calculated for temporarily deferred donors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Over 2\u2009years, 286 donors were deferred on\u2010session due to FAIR (9.0 donors per 100\u2009000 donations made). Highest adjusted incidence rate ratios of deferral were seen in first\u2010time, male, 17\u2010 to 24\u2010year\u2010old, and Mixed and Other ethnicity donors. Multiple FAIR deferrals were observed in 10 donors. Of 220 temporarily deferred donors, 56.8% returned to donate within 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The impact of FAIR on donation session appears low, supported by good return rates. First\u2010time, male, and younger donors were most affected. Multiple FAIR deferrals in a donor were rare, suggesting donors at higher risk were not attending to donate. Clarity on deferral application may aid donors and staff to defer appropriately. Further investigation is needed to determine levels of ineligible donation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.70091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:20:22Z","timestamp":1781738422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["FAIRly<\/scp>\n deferred: Low impact of the individualised risk assessment policy on blood donor deferrals in England"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5874-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Daly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant\/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit UK Health Security Agency London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3452-0832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant\/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit NHS Blood and Transplant London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6337-892X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katy","family":"Davison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant\/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit UK Health Security Agency London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2856-0387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan R.","family":"Brailsford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHS Blood and Transplant\/UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit NHS Blood and Transplant London UK"},{"name":"Microbiology Services NHS Blood and Transplant London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"JPAC.Chapter 5.7: Whole blood donation. Guidelines for the Blood Transfusion and Tissue Transplantation Services in the UK. Accessed October 9 2025.https:\/\/www.transfusionguidelines.org"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12520","article-title":"Deferred and deterred: a review of literature on the impact of deferrals on blood donors","volume":"15","author":"Davison TE","year":"2019","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12463","article-title":"Emotions experienced when receiving a temporary deferral: perspectives from staff and donors","volume":"13","author":"Gemelli CN","year":"2018","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-1063","article-title":"Understanding non\u2010return after a temporary deferral from giving blood: a qualitative study","volume":"12","author":"Hillgrove TL","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","unstructured":"Can donor selection policy move from a population\u2010based donor selection policy to one based on a more individualised risk assessment? Conclusions from the For the Assessment of Individualised Risk (FAIR) group.2020https:\/\/nhsbtdbe.blob.core.windows.net\/umbraco-assets-corp\/21001\/fair_sabto_20201211.pdf"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13328","article-title":"Whole blood donor return rates after deferral for tattooing or body piercing\u2010survey across blood donation services: the BEST collaborative study","volume":"117","author":"Quee F","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.17025","article-title":"The effect of temporary deferrals on donor return: a 26\u2010year assessment in a setting without retention activities","volume":"62","author":"C MF","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01409.x","article-title":"Determinants of return behavior: a comparison of current and lapsed donors","volume":"47","author":"Germain M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3657","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15551","article-title":"Do deferred donors continue their donations? A large\u2010scale register study on whole blood donor return in The Netherlands","volume":"59","author":"Spekman MLC","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"NHS Blood Donation.More people can now save lives\u2014FAIR Steering Group [Internet].2021Accessed March 13 2026.FAIR steering group\u2014NHS Blood Donation"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.16387","article-title":"The impact of temporary deferrals on future blood donation behavior across the donor life cycle","volume":"61","author":"Clement M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12867","article-title":"Trust and distrust: identifying recruitment targets for ethnic minority blood donors","volume":"32","author":"Ferguson E","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transfus Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"Joint UKBTS Professional Advisory Committee's (JPAC).Donor selection guidelines.2022www.transfusionguidelines.org"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","volume-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 18","author":"StataCorp","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03353.x","article-title":"Demographics of successful, unsuccessful and deferral visits at six blood centers over a 4\u2010year period","volume":"52","author":"Custer B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2010.02649.x","article-title":"Demographic correlates of low hemoglobin deferral among prospective whole blood donors","volume":"50","author":"Mast AE","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.04160.x","article-title":"Quantifying losses to the donated blood supply due to donor deferral and miscollection","volume":"44","author":"Custer B","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2010.02881.x","article-title":"The impact of temporary deferral due to low hemoglobin: future return, time to return, and frequency of subsequent donation","volume":"51","author":"Hillgrove T","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12207","article-title":"On\u2010site deferral of whole blood and plasma donors in The Netherlands between 2006 and 2013","volume":"10","author":"Groot R","year":"2015","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02501.x","article-title":"Demographic variations in blood donor deferrals in a major metropolitan area","volume":"50","author":"Shaz BH","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02271.x","article-title":"Minority and foreign\u2010born representation among US blood donors: demographics and donation frequency for 2006","volume":"49","author":"Murphy EL","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","unstructured":"Safe Supplies 2022: Monitoring Safety in Donors and Recipients.Annual Review from the NHS Blood and Transplant and UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit London.2023https:\/\/hospital.blood.co.uk\/diagnostic\u2010services\/microbiology\u2010services\/epidemiology\/annual\u2010review"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","unstructured":"Safe Supplies 2023: Close Monitoring of Blood Donations.Annual Review from the NHS Blood and Transplant and UK Health Security Agency Epidemiology Unit London.2024https:\/\/hospital.blood.co.uk\/diagnostic-services\/microbiology-services\/epidemiology\/annual-review"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2824.2012.01546.x","article-title":"Minority donation in the United States","volume":"7","author":"Shaz BH","year":"2012","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13748","article-title":"Questions on travel and sexual behaviours negatively impact ethnic minority donor recruitment: effect of negative word\u2010of\u2010mouth and avoidance","volume":"119","author":"Ferguson E","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"VendraminC.Data extraction whole blood donor deferral 2021\u20132023 NHS Blood and Transplant.2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","unstructured":"ReynoldsC.Data extraction whole blood donor donations 2024 NHS Blood and Transplant.2025."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01292.x","article-title":"The consequences of temporary deferral on future whole blood donation","volume":"47","author":"Custer B","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2010.02989.x","article-title":"Donor return after temporary deferral","volume":"51","author":"Custer 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