{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:58:49Z","timestamp":1785203929207,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005062","name":"Fujirebio Europe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 (HTLV\u20101\/2) are transfusion\u2010transmissible retroviruses associated with severe diseases, and blood donor screening is mandatory in Brazil. Increasing HTLV\u2010related discard rates at our institution prompted this study to determine the prevalence and incidence of HTLV\u20101\/2 and to investigate the presence of HTLV\u20103 among donations reactive in the ARCHITECT rHTLV\u2010I\/II CMIA assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among 220\u2009340 volunteer blood donors at Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Pr\u00f3\u2010Sangue\/Hemocentro de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, between September 2019 and July 2021. Real\u2010time PCR assays for HTLV\u20101\/2 and HTLV\u20103 were performed. INNO\u2010LIA HTLV\u2010I\/II was used as the confirmatory test for samples reactive in screening with the ARCHITECT rHTLV\u2010I\/II CMIA assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 220\u2009340 donations, 404 (0.18%) were initially reactive by CMIA, and 223 (0.10%) were further analysed. Of these, 59 (26.5%) were confirmed HTLV\u20101\/2 positive by INNO\u2010LIA, and 42 (18.8%) were indeterminate. Annual rates of initially reactive donations were 0.20% (2019), 0.20% (2020), and 0.15% (2021). Overall HTLV prevalence was 0.027%, and incidence was 1.36 per 100\u2009000 donations. Real\u2010time PCR detected HTLV DNA in 54 (24.2%) samples; no HTLV\u20103 cases were identified. An S\/CO cutoff \u22654.0 increased the positive predictive value from 47.6% to 66.1%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the epidemiological and diagnostic challenges of HTLV\u20101\/2 in blood donors. Reliance solely on serological screening thresholds is limited, reinforcing the essential role of confirmatory molecular and serological testing to ensure accurate diagnosis and strengthen blood safety in Brazil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.70106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:06:26Z","timestamp":1785200786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>HTLV<\/scp>\n                    screening and confirmatory testing among blood donors in S\u00e3o Paulo: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Suzete C.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research &amp; Transfusion Medicine Pro\u2010Blood Foundation\/Blood Center of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in 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