{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:16:33Z","timestamp":1775819793665,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,17]],"date-time":"2013-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the diagnostic performance of antigen detecting urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test for the detection of\n                      <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in areas of moderate prevalence in Ethiopia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Stool specimens were collected from 620 schoolchildren on three consecutive days. The samples were microscopically examined using double Kato slides; midstream urine specimens were also collected for three consecutive days and tested for\n                      <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The sensitivity of the urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test was determined using combined results of six Kato\u2013Katz thick smears and three urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette tests as gold standard. The specificity of the urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test was evaluated in an area where schistosomiasis is not endemic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection as determined by single urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test was 65.9%, by single Kato\u2013Katz smear 37.3% and by six Kato\u2013Katz thick smears 53.1% (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001). A single urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test was significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001) more sensitive (89.1%), had a lower negative predictive value (78.2%), was more accurate (92.6%) and agreed better with the gold standard (\n                      <jats:italic>k\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.83) than one or six Kato\u2013Katz thick smears. However, both the Kato\u2013Katz and urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test showed 100% specificity in endemic settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In moderate and high prevalence areas, urine\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cassette test is more sensitive than the Kato\u2013Katz method and can be used for screening and mapping of\n                      <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,17]],"date-time":"2013-04-17T03:26:39Z","timestamp":1366169199000},"page":"1029-1035","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Evaluation of urine\u2010circulating cathodic antigen (Urine\u2010\n                    <scp>CCA<\/scp>\n                    ) cassette test for the detection of\n                    <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>\n                    infection in areas of moderate prevalence in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Berhanu","family":"Erko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girmay","family":"Medhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tilahun","family":"Teklehaymanot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Degarege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengistu","family":"Legesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000064611"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02225.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90037-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001384"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4246","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.11.4246.bloodjournal88114246","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoni excretory circulating cathodic antigen shares Lewis\u2010x epitopes with a human granulocyte surface antigen and evokes host antibodies mediating complement\u2010dependent lysis of granulocytes","volume":"88","author":"Dam GJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v79i4.8878"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008152151"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90142-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000951"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-71"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000938"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762001000900003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001758"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"TeklemariamZ(2007)Current status of Schistosomiasis mansoni in Jiga and Bahir Dar Northwestern Ethiopia. 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