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Local <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>emographic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>urveillance <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ystems were enlisted to enhance recording of neonatal and infant deaths in the community and at the facility. After baseline site assessments, a team of local paediatric experts conducted three clinical trainings on\u2010site at each intervention hospital. Assessments were conducted to evaluate participant knowledge before and after participation in training modules. Monthly mentorship visits provided additional training to support the adoption of essential early neonatal care practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the first year of implementation, the initiative provided focused clinical training to 278 participants. A comparison of pre\u2010 and post\u2010training test results demonstrates significant improvement in provider knowledge (73% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 89% correct, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), with even greater improvement among trainees receiving recurrent refresher training (86% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 94% correct, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). Participant feedback following training revealed enthusiasm about the programme and improved confidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Locally led initiatives that invest directly in healthcare provider education and health systems strengthening represent a promising avenue for reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NQI<\/jats:styled-content> initiative demonstrates the positive impact of a district hospital intervention that combines on\u2010site training, mentorship and enhanced demographic surveillance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T07:55:46Z","timestamp":1391586946000},"page":"417-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evidence\u2010based training and mentorship combined with enhanced outcomes surveillance to address the leading causes of neonatal mortality at the district hospital level in <scp>G<\/scp>hana"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Mary N. 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