{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:59:55Z","timestamp":1788872395871,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01DG13006A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01DG13006A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preventive chemotherapy of schoolchildren against soil\u2010transmitted helminths (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) is widely implemented in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      wanda. However, data on its actual efficacy are lacking. We assessed prevalence, associated factors and manifestation of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection among schoolchildren in southern highland\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      wanda as well as cure and reinfection rates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six hundred and twenty\u2010two children (rural, 301; urban, 321) were included preceding the administration of a single dose of 500\u00a0mg mebendazole. Before treatment, and after 2 and 15\u00a0weeks,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection was determined by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ato\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      atz smears and by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      assays for\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        scaris lumbricoides\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      . Clinical and anthropometric data, socio\u2010economic status and factors potentially associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Soil\u2010transmitted helminth (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) infection was present in 38% of rural and in 13% of urban schoolchildren.\n                      <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                      accounted for 96% of infections. Of these, one\u2010third was detected by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      exclusively. Factors associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection differed greatly between rural and urban children. Likewise,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection was associated with stunting and anaemia only among urban children. The cure rate after 2\u00a0weeks was 92%. Among eight non\u2010cleared\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u00a0lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections, seven were submicroscopic. Reinfection within 3\u00a0months occurred in 7%, but the rate was higher among rural children, and with initially present infection, particularly at comparatively high intensity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The rural\u2013urban difference in factors associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infection and in reinfection rates highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce transmission.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      assays may help in detecting low\u2010level infections persisting after treatment. In southern Rwanda, mebendazole is highly effective against the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      infections predominated by\n                      <jats:italic>A.\u00a0lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]],"date-time":"2014-04-21T02:47:22Z","timestamp":1398048442000},"page":"812-824","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Soil\u2010transmitted helminths in southern highland\n                    <scp>R<\/scp>\n                    wanda: associated factors and effectiveness of school\u2010based preventive chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"Staudacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health Charit\u00e9 \u2013 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