{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:29:11Z","timestamp":1791232151660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To obtain information on prescribing rates and choice of antibiotics for acute, uncomplicated respiratory tract infections (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content>s) in the community.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibiotic use in acute, uncomplicated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content>s consisting of common cold\/sore throat\/cough for not more than five days was surveyed in the community (December 2007\u2013November 2008) using patient exit interviews at public and private facilities from four localities in New Delhi. Data were collected from 10 public sector facilities and 20 private clinics over one year. The percentage of acute, uncomplicated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content>s patients receiving antibiotics in general and using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification and the Defined Daily Dose (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATS<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDD<\/jats:styled-content>) were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At public and private facilities, 45% (746\/1646) and 57% (259\/457) of acute, uncomplicated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content> patients were prescribed at least one antibiotic, respectively. The main antibiotic class calculated as percentage of total antibiotics <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DDD<\/jats:styled-content>s\/1000 prescribed to acute, uncomplicated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content> patients at private clinics was cephalosporins, J01<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DA<\/jats:styled-content> (39%), followed by fluoroquinolones, J01<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MA<\/jats:styled-content> (24%), penicillins, J01C (19%) and macrolides, J01<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FA<\/jats:styled-content> (15%). Newer members from each class were prescribed; older antibiotics such as co\u2010trimoxazole or tetracyclines were rarely prescribed. At public facilities, the main class of antibiotic prescribed was penicillins (31%), followed by macrolides (25%), fluoroquinolones (20%) and cephalosporins (10%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study clearly shows overuse and inappropriate choice of antibiotics for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RTI<\/jats:styled-content>s which are mainly due to virus and do not require antibiotic treatment. Results of the study warrant interventional strategies to promote rational use of antibiotics to decrease the overgrowing threat of antibiotic resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T05:18:49Z","timestamp":1398143929000},"page":"761-768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Antibiotic prescribing practice for acute, uncomplicated respiratory tract infections in primary care settings in <scp>N<\/scp>ew <scp>D<\/scp>elhi, <scp>I<\/scp>ndia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Kotwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology V. P. 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