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Sub\u2010Saharan Africa is affected by simultaneous epidemics of ocular infections and human immunodeficiency virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>). Ocular infection and its complications, along with cataract and ocular trauma, are common conditions in this region with great impact on daily life. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and microbial aetiology of the most important infectious ocular conditions in sub\u2010Saharan Africa: conjunctivitis, keratitis and uveitis. We focus specifically on the potential association of these infections with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection, including immune recovery uveitis. 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