{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:45:29Z","timestamp":1788245129682,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate onchocerciasis control activities in the Democratic Republic of Congo (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) in the first 12\u00a0years of community\u2010directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from the National Programme for Onchocerciasis (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) provided by the National Onchocerciasis Task Force (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOTF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) through the annual reports of the 21\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDTI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      projects for the years 2001\u20132012 were reviewed retrospectively. A hypothetical\u2013inputs\u2010process\u2010outputs\u2010outcomes table was constructed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Community\u2010directed treatment with ivermectin expanded from 1968 communities in 2001 to 39\u00a0100 communities by 2012 while the number of community\u2010directed distributors (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and health workers (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HW<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) multiplied. By 2012, there were ratios of 1\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      per 262 persons and 1\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HW<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      per 2318 persons at risk. More than 80% of the funding came from the fiduciary funds of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control. The cost of treatment per person treated fell from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      $ 1.1 in 2001 to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      $ 0.1 in 2012. The therapeutic coverage increased from 2.7% (2001) to 74.2% (2012); the geographical coverage, from 4.7% (2001) to 93.9% (2012). Geographical coverage fell in 2005 due to deaths in loiasis co\u2010endemic areas, and the therapeutic coverage fell in 2008 due to insecurity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Challenges to CDTI in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      have been serious adverse reactions to ivermectin in loiasis co\u2010endemic areas and political conflict. Targets for personnel or therapeutic and geographical coverages were not met. Longer term funding and renewed efforts are required to achieve control and elimination of onchocerciasis in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T09:42:19Z","timestamp":1412934139000},"page":"48-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Onchocerciasis control in the Democratic Republic of Congo (\n                    <scp>DRC<\/scp>\n                    ): challenges in a post\u2010war environment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010C.","family":"Makenga Bof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Maketa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kinshasa University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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