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Epidemiological studies conducted in sub\u2010Saharan Africa that explored the association between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>status and general disability or specific impairments, with or without an<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010uninfected comparison group, were eligible for inclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 12\u00a0867 records initially identified, 61 papers were deemed eligible for inclusion. The prevalence of disability was high across age groups, impairment types and study locations. Furthermore, 73% of studies using an<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 comparator found significantly lower levels of functioning in people living with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>). By disability type, the results were as follows: (i) for studies measuring physical impairments (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014), median prevalence of limitations in mobility and motor function among<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>was 25.0% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 21.8\u201328.2%). Five of eight comparator studies found significantly reduced functioning among<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>; for arthritis, two of three studies which used an<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 comparison group found significantly increased prevalence among<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>; (ii) for sensory impairment studies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017), median prevalence of visual impairment was 11.2% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 9.5\u201313.1%) and hearing impairment was 24.1% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 19.2\u201329.0%) in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>. Significantly increased prevalence among<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>was found in one of four (vision) and three of three studies (hearing) with comparators; (iii) for cognitive impairment in adults (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030), median prevalence for dementia was 25.3% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 22.0\u201328.6%) and 40.9% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 37.7\u201344.1%) for general cognitive impairment. Across all types of cognitive impairment, twelve of fourteen studies found a significant detrimental effect of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>infection; (iv) for developmental delay in children with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a020), median prevalence of motor delay was 67.7% (95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 62.2\u201373.2%). All nine studies that included a comparator found a significant difference between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLHIV<\/jats:styled-content>and controls; for cognitive development and global delay, a significant detrimental effect of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>was found in five of six and one of two studies, respectively. In the nine cohort studies comparing vertically infected and uninfected children, eight showed a significant gap in development over time in children with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>. Finally, fifteen of thirty\u2010one (48%) studies found a statistically significant dose\u2013response relationship between indicators of disease progression (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>stage) and disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>is widespread in sub\u2010Saharan Africa and the evidence suggests that it is linked to disabilities, affecting a range of body structures and functions. More research is needed to better understand the implications of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related disability for individuals, their families as well as those working in the fields of disability and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>so that appropriate interventions can be developed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T15:26:56Z","timestamp":1418398016000},"page":"411-429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["The relationship between HIV and prevalence of disabilities in\u00a0sub\u2010Saharan Africa: systematic review (FA)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lena Morgon","family":"Banks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zuurmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashida","family":"Ferrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute Harare Zimbabwe"},{"name":"Clinical Research Department London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS.2013 Global fact sheet [Online] 2013. 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