{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T19:33:50Z","timestamp":1779910430084,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]],"date-time":"2015-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["99430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["99430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the chronic disease services in Uganda: their level of utilisation, the total service costs and unit costs per visit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Full financial and economic cost data were collected from 12 facilities in two districts, from the provider's perspective. A combination of ingredients\u2010based and step\u2010down allocation costing approaches was used. The diseases under study were diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), epilepsy and HIV infection. Data were collected through a review of facility records, direct observation and structured interviews with health workers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Provision of chronic care services was concentrated at higher\u2010level facilities. Excluding drugs, the total costs for NCD care fell below 2% of total facility costs. Unit costs per visit varied widely, both across different levels of the health system, and between facilities of the same level. This variability was driven by differences in clinical and drug prescribing practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most patients reported directly to higher\u2010level facilities, bypassing nearby peripheral facilities. NCD services in Uganda are underfunded particularly at peripheral facilities. There is a need to estimate the budget impact of improving NCD care and to standardise treatment guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,23]],"date-time":"2015-02-23T10:17:43Z","timestamp":1424686663000},"page":"781-790","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The health system burden of chronic disease care: an estimation of provider costs of selected chronic diseases in Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Stella Nalukwago","family":"Settumba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council\/Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedona","family":"Sweeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Seeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council\/Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda"},{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Biraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council\/Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Mutungi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Non Communicable Diseases Ministry of Health Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Munderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council\/Uganda Virus Research Institute Entebbe Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiner","family":"Grosskurth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit Mwanza Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Vassall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61404-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Global Status Report on non\u2010Communicable Diseases 2010","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61696-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"The Kampala Declaration and Agenda for Global Action","author":"World Health Organisation \u2013 Global Health Workforce Alliance","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.077891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60063-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001487"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001377"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198529446.001.0001","volume-title":"Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes","author":"Drummond MF","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/17.1.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czh015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-698X-9-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60550-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","unstructured":"Oanda historical Exchange Rates. 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