{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:10:44Z","timestamp":1782321044988,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) findings in musculoskeletal paracoccidioidomycosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series study after IRB approval. Two musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed in consensus the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings of 11 patients with microbiologically and\/or pathologically proven osteoarticular <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCM<\/jats:styled-content>. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> evaluation included discrimination of abnormalities in joints, bones and soft tissues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean age of patients was 29\u00a0years (10\u201355\u00a0years), eight men and three women. Musculoskeletal involvement was the only or the primary presentation of the disease in seven patients (63%). Osteomyelitis was the most common presentation, with seven cases (63%). Primary arthritis was found in one patient (9%). Isolated extra\u2010articular soft tissue <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCM<\/jats:styled-content> was found in three patients: myositis (2) and subcutaneous infection (1). All cases showed regions with signal intensity higher than or similar to the signal of muscle on T1\u2010weighted images. Penumbra sign was present in five cases (45%). T2\u2010weighted images showed reactive soft tissue oedema in eight cases (72%). Post\u2010gadolinium images showed peripheral (8\/9) or heterogeneous (1\/9) enhancement. Synovial enhancement was present in all cases of joint involvement (6\/6). Lipomatosis arborescens was documented in one case of chronic knee involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first case series describing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings of musculoskeletal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCM<\/jats:styled-content>. Musculoskeletal involvement was the primary presentation of the disease in most cases, and therefore, neoplasms were initially in the differential diagnosis. Osteomyelitis was the most common presentation, often with secondary involvement of joint and or soft tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,5]],"date-time":"2015-06-05T12:48:26Z","timestamp":1433508506000},"page":"1346-1354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Magnetic resonance imaging findings of paracoccidioidomycosis in the musculoskeletal system"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Leonor G.","family":"Savarese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas M.","family":"Monsignore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateus","family":"de Andrade Hernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello H.","family":"Nogueira\u2010Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822006000300017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.6.2.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821987000200012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651985000600007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"254","article-title":"Bone paracoccidioidomycosis: report of a case","volume":"32","author":"David A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-78522006000200008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-1947-6-342"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"288","article-title":"Patellar paracoccidiomycosis. 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