{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:06:35Z","timestamp":1761807995418},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]],"date-time":"2016-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fatigue is a common complaint worldwide and associated with disability and high health service use costs. We tested the hypothesis that maternal fatigue would be associated independently with maternal common mental disorder (\u2018maternal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2019) in a rural, low\u2010income country setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis was conducted using data from a population\u2010based cohort located in the Butajira demographic surveillance site, Ethiopia. A total of 1065 women were recruited in pregnancy and followed up to 2.5 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1009; 94.7%) and 3.5 years post\u2010partum (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 989; 92.9%). Maternal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms were measured using a locally validated version of the Self\u2010Reporting Questionnaire and fatigue was measured using a dichotomised item from the Patient Health Questionnaire\u201015. Physical health indicators included haemoglobin level, body mass index and illness episodes. Generalised estimating equations were used to conduct hypothesis\u2010driven and exploratory multivariable analyses in the panel at 2.5 and 3.5 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of maternal fatigue was 8.3% at 2.5 years and 5.5% at 3.5 years post\u2010partum. Psychological symptoms of maternal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content> were associated independently with complaints of fatigue after adjusting for anaemia, body mass index, physical ill health, poverty and other confounding variables: adjusted odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content>), 1.46; 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>), 1.28\u20131.66 for each one point increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRQ<\/jats:styled-content> score. In the multivariable model, only psychosocial factors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content> and stressful life events) and self\u2010reported physical ill health were associated significantly with complaints of fatigue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complaints of fatigue are associated strongly with maternal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content> and other psychosocial risk factors in this rural, low\u2010income country setting with a high burden of undernutrition and infectious disease. Fatigue should be understood as a potential indicator of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMD<\/jats:styled-content> in primary care to improve detection and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,19]],"date-time":"2015-12-19T10:42:42Z","timestamp":1450521762000},"page":"365-372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Fatigue as a manifestation of psychosocial distress in a low\u2010income country: a population\u2010based panel study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Smartt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Mental Health Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girmay","family":"Medhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu\u2010Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atalay","family":"Alem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Mental Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries Public Health Foundation of India Sangath Goa India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services and Population Research Department Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Mental Health Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Mental Health Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2010.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38442.636181.E0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6762.1199"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.3.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02598083"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(88)90048-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.v07n0405"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01756.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.151.4.447"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.091850"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2006.00950.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.039180"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.1.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.9.946"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.183327"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Establishing an epidemiological field laboratory in rural areas\u2010potentials for public health research and interventions The Butajira Rural Health Programme 1987\u20131999","volume":"13","author":"Berhane Y","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","volume-title":"Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011","author":"Central Statistic Agency","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200203000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","volume-title":"Haemoglobin Concentrations for the Diagnosis of Anaemia and Assessment of Severity","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170002105X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00156582"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01388251"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.5.422"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-9338(96)88874-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.7.989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.183.4.349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","volume-title":"mhGAP Intervention Guide","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"2012","volume-title":"National Mental Health Strategy 2012\/13 \u2013 2015\/16","author":"Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of, Health","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b5cf6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.043190"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Ftmi.12658","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.12658","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T23:50:04Z","timestamp":1696031404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tmi.12658"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tmi.12658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tmi.12658","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,25]]}}}