{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T17:35:53Z","timestamp":1793036153031,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Belgian Government, Department of Foreign Affairs"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of calcium (15 mmol\/day) and vitamin D (625 \u03bcg\/month), as single supplement or in combination, <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. no supplement on growth, clinical signs of rickets and Kashin\u2013Beck disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content>) and dental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective controlled trial involving children aged 0\u20135 years living in four groups of villages in a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010endemic rural area of central Tibet who received either calcium and\/or vitamin D or no supplement. The cohort was followed over 3 years. Primary outcome was the impact of the different supplementation regimes on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content>, rickets and growth; secondary outcomes were impact on urinary levels of calcium and phosphorus, biomarkers of bone and cartilage turnover, and dental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No difference was observed between the four groups with regard to anthropometric data, rickets, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content>, urinary levels of CrossLaps<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> and CartiLaps<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. Weight for height or age, mid\u2010upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness decreased in the four groups. Height for age increased and the prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content> fell in the four groups. Dental health was better in the group receiving calcium and vitamin D. Urinary calcium levels increased after 3 years of follow\u2010up in all groups; the group receiving vitamin D had a higher increase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value: 0.044). The same global increase was observed for urinary phosphorus levels; the group receiving calcium had a higher increase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value: 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Calcium and vitamin D failed to improve growth and bone metabolism of children living in a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KBD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010endemic rural area. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation improved dental health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T20:40:49Z","timestamp":1461357649000},"page":"768-775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of calcium and vitamin D on growth, rickets and Kashin\u2013Beck disease in 0\u2010 to 5\u2010year\u2010old children in a rural area of central Tibet"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shancy","family":"Rooze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Metabolism Unit University Children's Hospital Queen Fabiola Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kashin\u2013Beck Disease Fund Forri\u00e8res 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