{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T05:02:51Z","timestamp":1782190971350,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008993","name":"Dutch Society for Tropical Medicine, The Netherlands","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008993","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"TubaScan Ltd., The Netherlands"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the performance of three different guidelines for the management of vaginal discharge syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VDS<\/jats:styled-content>) for women living in a rural setting in South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a cross\u2010sectional study in Mopani District, South Africa. The 2015 and 2008 guidelines of the South African Department of Health (DoH) and the most recent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> guidelines were evaluated for adequate treatment of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 489 women included in this analysis, 35% presented with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VDS<\/jats:styled-content> according to the DoH and 30% per <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> definition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VDS<\/jats:styled-content>. Fifty\u2010six per cent of the women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VDS<\/jats:styled-content> would be treated adequately for these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content> when using the 2015 DoH guideline, whereas 76% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01) and 64% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.35) would receive adequate treatment with the 2008 DoH and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> guidelines, respectively. Of the symptomatic women who tested negative for all four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> STI<\/jats:styled-content> treatment would have been indicated for 36% as per 2015 DoH guideline <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 69% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) per 2008 DoH and 67% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) per <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content> guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A considerable proportion of symptomatic women infected with these common curable <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content> would receive adequate treatment when using a syndromic management approach, and significant differences exist between the three guidelines. Many symptomatic women without these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content> receive broad\u2010spectrum antibiotics, so new approaches are needed to improve syndromic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content> control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,28]],"date-time":"2016-06-28T06:22:37Z","timestamp":1467094957000},"page":"1138-1146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Evaluation of syndromic management guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted infections in South African women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lisette","family":"van der Eem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anova Health Institute Johannesburg and Tzaneen South Africa"},{"name":"African Woman Foundation Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Henk","family":"Dubbink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anova Health Institute Johannesburg and Tzaneen South Africa"},{"name":"Institute for Public Health Genomics University of Maastricht Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology &amp; Infection Control VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen E.","family":"Struthers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anova Health Institute Johannesburg and Tzaneen South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anova Health Institute Johannesburg and Tzaneen South Africa"},{"name":"School of Public Health University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sander","family":"Ouburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology &amp; Infection Control VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Servaas A.","family":"Morr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Public Health Genomics University of Maastricht Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology &amp; Infection Control VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen M.","family":"Kock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"},{"name":"Tshwane Academic Division National Health Laboratory Service Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remco P.H.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anova Health Institute Johannesburg and Tzaneen South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69478-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"World Health Organization. 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