{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:36:12Z","timestamp":1761129372019},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the proportion of malaria infection in febrile children consulting a paediatric hospital in Brazzaville, to determine the prevalence of submicroscopic malaria infection, to characterise <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> infection and compare the prevalence of uncomplicated <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria according to haemoglobin profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood samples were collected from children aged &lt;10 years with an axillary temperature \u226537.5 \u00b0C consulting the paediatric ward of Marien Ngouabi Hospital in Brazzaville. Parasite density was determined and all samples were screened for <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> by nested polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) using the <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> msp\u20102 marker to detect submicroscopic infections and characterise <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> infection. Sickle cell trait was screened by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 229 children with fever were recruited, of whom 10% were diagnosed with uncomplicated malaria and 21% with submicroscopic infection. The mean parasite density in children with uncomplicated malaria was 42 824 parasites\/\u03bcl of blood. The multiplicity of infection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOI<\/jats:styled-content>) was 1.59 in children with uncomplicated malaria and 1.69 in children with submicroscopic infection. The mean haemoglobin level was 10.1 \u00b1 1.7 for children with uncomplicated malaria and 12.0 \u00b1 8.6 for children with submicroscopic infection. About 13% of the children harboured the sickle cell trait (Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>); the rest had normal haemoglobin (Hb<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>). No difference in prevalence of uncomplicated malaria and submicroscopic infection, parasite density, haemoglobin level, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MOI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> genetic diversity was observed according to haemoglobin type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The low prevalence of uncomplicated malaria in febrile Congolese children indicates the necessity to investigate carefully other causes of fever.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T09:24:02Z","timestamp":1474968242000},"page":"1496-1503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> infection in febrile Congolese children: prevalence of clinical malaria 10 years after introduction of artemisinin\u2010combination therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mandingha Kosso","family":"Etoka\u2010Beka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francine","family":"Ntoumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"},{"name":"Institute for Tropical Medicine University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Deibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Tropical Medicine University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Poulain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U 1134 Paris France"},{"name":"UMR_S 1134 DSIMB Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Paris France"},{"name":"Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine DSIMB Paris France"},{"name":"UMR_S 1134 Laboratory of Excellence GR\u2010Ex DSIMB Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christevy","family":"Vouvoungui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon Charles","family":"Kobawila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Koukouikila\u2010Koussounda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation Congolaise pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences et Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.World malaria report 2015.Geneva:World Health Organization 2015. (Available from:http:\/\/www.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/200018\/1\/9789241565158_eng.pdf) [6 June 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"Roll back malaria partnership.Key facts figures and strategies; The Global Malaria Action Plan 2008. (Available from:http:\/\/www.rollbackmalaria.org\/microsites\/gmap\/GMAP_Advocacy-ENG-web.pdf) [6 June 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(13)60030-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1214482"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/BJMMR\/2013\/2427"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345363"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a011692"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/28.4.793"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-09-241844"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497611"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1505665112"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01904.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-410"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Le paludisme de l'enfant dans un service de p\u00e9diatrie \u00e0 Brazzaville \u00e0 propos de 1073 observations","volume":"40","author":"Moyen G","year":"1993","journal-title":"M\u00e9d Afr Noire"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023430"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme R\u00e9publique du Congo.Plan strat\u00e9gique national de lutte contre le paludisme.2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.8.2757"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(01)00188-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(98)00008-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/351281"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/379074"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","unstructured":"Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9.Concentrations en h\u00e9moglobine permettant de diagnostiquer l'an\u00e9mie et d'en \u00e9valuer la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 2011. (Available from:http:\/\/www.who.int\/vmnis\/indicators\/haemoglobin_fr.pdf) [6 June 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011 2015. (Available from:http:\/\/www.who.int\/int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/177094\/1\/9789241564960_eng.pdf) [6 June 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Prise en charge des fi\u00e8vres de l'enfant dans le cadre de la lutte contre le paludisme\u2010maladie \u00e0 Brazzaville","volume":"95","author":"Talani P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.488"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080626"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7519.727"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1999.00455.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.1996.tb00019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Changes in burden of malaria in sub\u2010Saharan Africa","volume":"10","author":"O'Meara WP","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-S1-S8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/430744"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Chart Booklet 2014. (Available from:http:\/\/www.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/104772\/16\/9789241506823_Chartbook_eng.pdf) [6 June 2016]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0821-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv475"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv370"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0789-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-3-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-276"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-0961-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-015-1003-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773213Y.0000000089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2012.9.877"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010288"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Ftmi.12786","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Ftmi.12786","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.12786","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T13:35:25Z","timestamp":1696167325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tmi.12786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tmi.12786"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tmi.12786","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]}}}