{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:01:04Z","timestamp":1793318464716,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,14]],"date-time":"2016-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007880","name":"Johns Hopkins University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007880","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>In urban Dhaka, Bangladesh, 30% of source water samples collected from the households of patients with cholera had detectable <jats:italic>Vibrio cholera<\/jats:italic>e. These findings indicate an urgent need for a public health intervention for this population. The Crystal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> dipstick test is a rapid method for detecting <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> in stool and water. However, to date no study has investigated the use of the rapid dipstick test for household surveillance of stored drinking water.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The efficacy of the Crystal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> dipstick test for detecting <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> in the Dhaka city municipal water supply and stored household drinking water sources after enrichment for 18 h in alkaline peptone water (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APW<\/jats:styled-content>) was compared to bacterial culture as the gold standard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1648 water samples (824 stored household drinking water samples and 824 municipal water supply samples) were collected from households of patients with cholera. The overall specificity and sensitivity of the dipstick test compared to bacterial culture was 99.6% (95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>): 99.2%, 99.9%) and 65.6% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 55.2%, 75%), respectively. The specificities for stored household drinking water and Dhaka city municipal supply water compared to bacterial culture were 99.8% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 99.1%, 100%) and 99.5% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 98.6%, 99.9%), respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.138), and the sensitivities were 66.7% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 43.0%, 85.4%) and 65.3% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 53.5%, 76.0%), respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.891).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Crystal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VC<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> dipstick is a promising screening tool for cholera outbreak surveillance in resource\u2010limited settings where elimination of false\u2010positive results is critical. The lower than expected sensitivity should be further investigated in future studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T14:06:58Z","timestamp":1476799618000},"page":"205-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Rapid dipstick detection of <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i> in household stored and municipal water in Dhaka, Bangladesh: CHoBI7 trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mahamud\u2010ur","family":"Rashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zillur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Burrowes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Perin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munshi","family":"Mustafiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirajum","family":"Monira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"icddr,b Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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