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Birth prevalence of clubfoot is reported to vary both between and within low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMIC<\/jats:styled-content>s), and this information is needed to plan treatment services. This systematic review aimed to understand the birth prevalence of clubfoot in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMIC<\/jats:styled-content> settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six databases were searched for studies that reported birth prevalence of clubfoot in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMIC<\/jats:styled-content>s. Results were screened and assessed for eligibility using pre\u2010defined criteria. Data on birth prevalence were extracted and weighted pooled estimates were calculated for different regions. Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum test was used to examine changes in birth prevalence over time. Included studies were appraised for their methodological quality, and a narrative synthesis of findings was conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010eight studies provided data from 13 962 989 children in 20 countries over 55 years (1960\u20132015). The pooled estimate for clubfoot birth prevalence in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMIC<\/jats:styled-content>s within the Africa region is 1.11 (0.96, 1.26); in the Americas 1.74 (1.69, 1.80); in South\u2010East Asia (excluding India) 1.21 (0.73, 1.68); in India 1.19 (0.96, 1.42); in Turkey (Europe region) 2.03 (1.54, 2.53); in Eastern Mediterranean region 1.19 (0.98, 1.40); in West Pacific (excluding China) 0.94 (0.64, 1.24); and in China 0.51 (0.50, 0.53).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Birth prevalence of clubfoot varies between 0.51 and 2.03\/1000 live births in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LMIC<\/jats:styled-content>s. A standardised approach to the study of the epidemiology of clubfoot is required to better understand the variations of clubfoot birth prevalence and identify possible risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T06:52:39Z","timestamp":1482303159000},"page":"269-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Birth prevalence of congenital talipes equinovarus in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Tracey","family":"Smythe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Macleod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Lavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science University of Oxford Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"World Atlas of Birth Defects. 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