{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:41:12Z","timestamp":1790192472896,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,28]],"date-time":"2017-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003971","name":"Islamic Development Bank","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003971","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the molecular epidemiology of <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> E. dispar<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>moshkovskii<\/jats:italic> infections among rural communities in Yemen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a community\u2010based study, faecal samples were collected from 605 participants and examined by wet mount, formalin\u2010ether sedimentation, trichrome staining and nested multiplex <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> techniques. Demographic, socio\u2010economic and environmental information was collected using a pre\u2010tested questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 324 (53.6%) of the samples were positive for <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic> cysts and\/or trophozoites by microscopic examination. Molecular analysis revealed that 20.2%, 15.7% and 18.2% of the samples were positive for <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> E. dispar<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. moshkovskii<\/jats:italic>, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed different sets of species\u2010specific risk factors among these communities. Educational level was identified as the significant risk factor for <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>; age and gender were the significant risk factors for <jats:italic>E. moshkovskii<\/jats:italic>; and sources of drinking water and consumption of unwashed vegetables were the significant risk factors for <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, living in coastal\/foothill areas and presence of other infected family members were risk factors for both <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. moshkovskii<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study reveals that <jats:italic>Entamoeba<\/jats:italic> spp. infection is highly prevalent among rural communities in Yemen, with <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> E. dispar<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. moshkovskii<\/jats:italic> differentiated for the first time. Identifying and treating infected family members, providing health education pertinent to good personal and food hygiene practices and providing clean drinking water should be considered in developing a strategy to control intestinal parasitic infections in these communities, particularly in the coastal\/foothill areas of the country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T12:24:57Z","timestamp":1486038297000},"page":"493-504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["First molecular epidemiology of <i>Entamoeba histolytica<\/i>,<i> E. dispar<\/i> and <i>E<\/i>. <i>moshkovskii<\/i> infections in Yemen: different species\u2010specific associated risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Mona A.","family":"Al\u2010Areeqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 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Shahrul","family":"Anuar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus Selangor Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulelah H.","family":"Al\u2010Adhroey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Thamar University Dhamar Yemen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wahib M.","family":"Atroosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salwa","family":"Dawaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine 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