{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:05:24Z","timestamp":1790633124349,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]],"date-time":"2017-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the rate of default from treatment in the visceral leishmaniasis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>) elimination programme and to identify risk factors and its underlying causes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case\u2013control study conducted between December 2009 and June 2012 in three primary health centres (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHC<\/jats:styled-content>s) of Muzaffarpur district, India. Patients who defaulted from treatment from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHC<\/jats:styled-content>s were considered as \u2018cases\u2019 and those who completed their treatment as \u2018controls\u2019. Two controls were included in the study for each case. Respondents' opinion and satisfaction with the services provided at the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHC<\/jats:styled-content>s were also elicited. Logistic regression was performed to assess the contribution of sociodemographic variables on patient status, and a discriminant analysis was used (after decomposing the original data) to identify factors that can predict the patient status as defaulter or not, based on factor scores of the components as predictor variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the study period, 16.3% (89\/544) of patients defaulted; 87 cases and 188 controls were interviewed through a semistructured questionnaire. Women tended to be more at risk for default (OR, 1.6, 95% CI (0.9 \u20102.9). Treatment received was miltefosine in 55.6% and sodium stibogluconate (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SSG<\/jats:styled-content>) in 44.4%. Most (86%) defaulters completed their treatment at other healthcare facilities; 70% of them preferred non\u2010governmental institutions. Most cited reasons for default were seeking a second opinion for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content> treatment and preferring to be treated in specialised <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content> centres. Discriminant analysis showed only one significant predictor: dissatisfaction with the medical care received in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHC<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Efforts are needed to enhance the quality of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content> care at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHC<\/jats:styled-content> level, which will be beneficial in increasing treatment completion rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,8]],"date-time":"2017-06-08T14:17:31Z","timestamp":1496931451000},"page":"1037-1042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk Factors associated with defaulting from visceral leishmaniasis treatment: analysis under routine programme conditions in Bihar, India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Kansal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Malaviya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Boelaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Hasker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Ostyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sundar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"National Road Map For Kala\u2010Azar Elimination Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP) Directorate General of Health Services Minister of Health & Family Welfare. 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