{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:11:44Z","timestamp":1719447104613},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology, Government of India"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The underlying problem in lymphatic filariasis is irreversible swelling of the limbs (lymphoedema), which is a unique feature of lymphatic insufficiency. It is still unclear whether the natural ability of lymphatics to form functional lymphatic vasculature is achieved or attenuated in the lymphoedemal pathology. Clinical studies have clearly shown that circulating lymphatic progenitors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLP<\/jats:styled-content>s), a subset of bone marrow\u2010derived mononuclear cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s), contribute to post\u2010natal lymph vasculogenesis.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based revascularisation could be a promising strategy to bypass the endothelial disruption and damage incurred by the filarial parasites. Thus our aim was to compare and characterise the functional prowess of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s in physiological and lymphoedemal pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s were isolated from venous blood sample from drug\u2010naive endemic normals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EN<\/jats:styled-content>) and drug\u2010deprived filarial lymphoedema (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content>) individuals using density gradient centrifugation. Adhesion, transwell migration and<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>matrigel assays were employed to characterise the lymphvasculogenic potential of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLP<\/jats:styled-content>s were phenotypically characterised using flow cytometry; expression levels of lymphatic markers and inflammatory cytokines were quantified using<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qRT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content>group display poor adherence to fibronectin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.040), reduced migration towards<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDF<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.035), impaired tubular network (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.004) and branching point (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.048) formation. The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>expression of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>3 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.039) and podoplanin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.050) was elevated, whereas integrin<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>9 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.046) was inhibited in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content>individuals; additionally, the surface expression of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>34 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.048) was significantly reduced in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content>group compared to the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EN<\/jats:styled-content>group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s from filarial lymphoedema show defective and dysregulated lymphvasculogenic function compared to endemic normals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]],"date-time":"2017-09-04T15:24:33Z","timestamp":1504538673000},"page":"1414-1427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison and functional characterisation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from filarial lymphoedema and endemic normals of a South Indian population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Abel Arul","family":"Nathan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Engineering School of Biotechnology Madurai Kamaraj University Madurai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madhulika","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Vascular Biology Department of Biotechnology Bhupat Joyti Metha School of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subash","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIH\u2010ICER National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis Chennai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anand Setty","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Engineering School of Biotechnology Madurai Kamaraj University Madurai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO updates fact sheet on Lymphatic Filariasis 2015. 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