{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:50:43Z","timestamp":1787237443483,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n                      has been considered as the main aetiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. However, there are recent reports about the existence of\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp in cutaneous lesions in southern Iran. Therefore, this study was designed to decipher some morphological, biological and molecular aspects of this phenomenon.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical isolates were obtained from 167 patients with cutaneous ulcers. A set of specific primers based on GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde\u20103\u2010Phosphate Dehydrogenase) gene were used to distinguish between\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      genera. For molecular analysis, Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis and Mi\u2010Seq Illumina platform were applied. Then, morphological analysis and some biological features (including potential growth at 37 \u00b0C and the ability of infecting mammalian macrophages) were studied.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 92.8% of clinical cases,\n                      <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the only causative microorganism isolated; in 5.4% of cases, co\u2010infection of\n                      <jats:italic>L. major<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. was identified; and in 1.8% of lesions, only\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We isolated\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. from clinical samples of patients suspected of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran, indicating that\n                      <jats:italic>Crithidia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. are capable of surviving at human body temperature and infecting macrophage cells. This raises questions on the influence of this phenomenon on pathogenicity, therapeutic outcome and disease control strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T08:48:35Z","timestamp":1518684515000},"page":"116-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Isolation of\n                    <i>Crithidia<\/i>\n                    spp. from lesions of immunocompetent patients with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Nafiseh","family":"Ghobakhloo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Mycology School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad 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